Abstract
Immunotherapy of cancer is divided into two overlapping categories: active and passive. The goal of active immunotherapy is the stimulation of host antitumor immunity, either cellular or humoral. This can be accomplished in a direct or specific fashion by using tumor vaccines to generate an immune response to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Nonspecific antitumor immunity can be propagated by compounds such as bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG). Passive immunotherapy relies on the administration of biologically active agents with innate antitumor properties, such as antibodies reactive with growth factor receptors. In most instances, host immunity is an important cofactor in active immunotherapy. In addition, some agents, such as antibodies, can exert anti-immune circuits that are set into motion by these therapies and account for the imperfect but nonetheless useful division into active and passive types.
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Bhattacharya-Chatterjee, M., Foon, K.A. (1998). Anti-idiotype antibody vaccine therapies of cancer. In: Foon, K.A., Muss, H.B. (eds) Biological and Hormonal Therapies of Cancer. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 94. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6189-7_4
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