Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An Introduction to Solid Desiccant Cooling Technology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Desiccant-Assisted Cooling

Abstract

Air-conditioning industry is facing important environmental and regulatory challenges, such as the phaseout of CFCs refrigerants, the requirement of higher ventilation rates and improved air quality by new design standards. The result is the development of technology to supplement or even replace traditional vapor compression cycles. Evaporative cooling systems are environment-friendly and however are usually restrained to climates with low average levels of relative humidity. However, the development of both liquid and solid desiccant systems has significantly widened the range of application of such cycles. Accordingly, the present work aims at describing the fundamentals of desiccant systems, as well as a variety of arrangements for solid desiccant-assisted evaporative cooling cycles and its applications. In addition, the use of solid desiccants to assist vapor compression systems in the handling of the latent component of the thermal load is also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aneel (2002) Atlas Nacional de Energia Elétrica do Brasil. Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica, Brasília

    Google Scholar 

  2. Angrisani G, Capozzoli A, Minichiello F, Roselli C, Sasso M (2011) Desiccant wheel regenerated by thermal energy from a microgenerator: experimental assessment of the performances. Appl Energ 88:1354–1365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Aristov YI, Gordeeva LG (2009) “Salt in a porous matrix” adsorbents: design of the phase composition and sorption properties. Kinet Catal 50(1) 65–72

    Google Scholar 

  4. Aristov YI, Tokarev MM, Restuccia G, Cacciola G (1996) Selective water sorbents for multiple applications, CaCl2 confined in micropores of silica-gel: sorption properties. React Kinet Catal Lett 59(2):335–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Aristov YI (2013) Challenging Offers of Material Science for Adsorption Heat Transformation: A Review, Appl Therm Eng 50(2):1610–1618

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bellia L, Mazzei P, Minichiello F, Palma D (2000) Air conditioning systems with desiccant wheel for Italian climates. Int J Arch Sci 1(4):193–213

    Google Scholar 

  7. Berglund LG (1988) Thermal comfort: a review of recent research, In: Mejavik IB, Banister EW, Morrison JB (ed) Environmental ergonomics. Taylor & Francis, London

    Google Scholar 

  8. Boudoukan P, Wurtz E, Joubert P (2010) Comparison between the conventional and recirculation modes in desiccant cooling cycles and deriving critical efficiencies of components. Energy 35(2):1057–1067

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Brandemuehl MJ, Katejanekarn T (2004) Dehumidification characteristics of commercial building applications. ASHRAE Trans 110(2) 65–76

    Google Scholar 

  10. Camargo JR (2009) Resfriamento Evaporativo (ed) Ciência Moderna, Rio de Janeiro

    Google Scholar 

  11. Casas W, Schmitz G (2005) Experiences with a gas driven, desiccant assisted air conditioning system with geothermal energy for an office building. Energ Build 37:493–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chung TW, Chung CC (1998) Increase in the amount of adsorption on modified silica-gel by using neutron flux irradiation. Chem Eng Sci 53(16):2967–2972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Chung JD, Lee DY (2009) Effect of Desuccant Isotherm on the Performance of a Desiccant Wheel. Int J Refrig 32:720–726

    Google Scholar 

  14. Czachorsy W, Wurm J (1996) Evaluation of desiccant and heat exchange matrices, gas research institute, Report GRI-97/0148. Des Plaines, Illinois

    Google Scholar 

  15. Czanderna AW(1992) Polymers as Advanced Materials for Desiccant Applications, 1: Commerically Available Polymers, Desiccant Cooling and Dehumidification, ASHRAR, Atlanta, GA, USA, 88–97

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dhar PL, Singh SK (2001) Studies on solid desiccant based hybrid air-conditioning systems. Appl Therm Eng 21:119–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Elsayed SS, Hamamoto Y, Prasad Akisawa A (2008). Analysis of an air cycle refrigerator driving air conditioning system integrated desiccant system. Int J Refrig (31) 189–196

    Google Scholar 

  18. Finocchiaro P, Becalli M, Nocke B (2012) Advanced solar assisted desiccant and evaporative cooling system equipped with wet heat exchangers. Sol Energ 86:608–618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ge TS, Dai YJ, Wang RZ, Li Y (2008) Experimental investigation on a one-rotor two-stage rotary desiccant cooling system. Energy 33:1807–1815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ge TS, Li Y, Wang RZ, Dai YJ (2009) Experimental study on a two-stage rotary desiccant cooling system. Int J Refrig 32:498–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Ghali K (2008) Energy savings potential of a hybrid desiccant dehumidification air conditioning system in Beirut. Energ Convers Manage 49:3387–3390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Goodish T (2001) Indoor environmental quality. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  23. Harriman LGIII (2002) Dehumidification equipment advances. ASHRAE J Aug 22–29

    Google Scholar 

  24. Jeong JW, Mumma SA (2005) Practical thermal performance correlations for molecular sieve and silica-gel loaded enthalpy wheels. Appl Therm Eng 25:719–740

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Jia CX, Dai YJ, Wu YJ, Wang RZ (2006) Analysis of a hybrid desiccant air-conditioning system. Appl Therm Eng 26:2393–2400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Jia CX, Dai YJ, Wu YJ, Wang RZ (2006) Experimental comparison of two honeycombed desiccant wheels fabricated with silica-gel and composite desiccant material. Energ Convers Manage 47:2523–2534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Kang TS (1985) Adiabatic desiccant open cooling cycles. M.S. Thesis, University of New South Wales

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kanoglu M, Bolatturk A, Aluntop N (2007) Effect of ambient conditions on the first and second law performance of an open desiccant cooling process. Renew Energy 32:931–946

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Khattar M, Ramanan M, Swami M (1985) Fan cycling effects on air condition moisture removal performance in warm, humid climates. In: Proceedings of the international symposium on moisture and humidity, Washington D.C

    Google Scholar 

  30. Khedari J, Rawangkul R, Chimchavee W, Hirunlab J, Watanasungsuit A (2003) Feasibility study of using agriculture waste as desiccant for air conditioning system. Renew Energy (28) 1617–1628

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kubota M, Hanada T, Yabe S, Kuchar D, Matsuda M (2011) Water Desorption Behavior of desiccant rotor under microwave irradiation, Appl Therm Eng 31:1482–1486

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kuehn TH, Ramsey JW, Threlkeld JL (1998) Thermal environmental engineering, 3rd edn. Prentice-Hall, New-Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  33. La D, Dai YJ, Li Y, Wang RZ, Ge TS (2010) Technical development of rotary desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning: a review. Renew Sustain Energ Rev 14:130–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. La D, Li Y, Dai YJ, Ge TS, Wang RZ (2012) Development of a novel rotary desiccant cooling cycle with isothermal dehumidification and regenerative evaporative cooling using thermodynamic analysis method. Energy 44:778–791

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Ladisch MR (1997) Biobased adsorbents for drying of gases. Enzyme Microb Technol 20(3):162–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Lee J, Lee DY (2012) Sorption characteristics of a novel polymeric desiccant. Int J Refrig 35:1940–1949

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Lof GOG, Cler G, Brisbane T (1988) Performance of a Solar Desiccant System. J Sol Energ Eng 110:165–171

    Google Scholar 

  38. Maclaine-Cross IL (1985) High-performance adiabatic desiccant open-cooling cycles. J Sol Energ Eng 107:102–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Mathiowitz E, Jacob E, Jong YS, Hekal TM, Spano W, Guemonprez E (2001) Novel desiccants based on designed polymeric blends. J Appl Polym Sci 80(3):317–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. McLay B, (1989) Analysis and simulation of an advanced open-cycle solid desiccant cooling system. M.S. Thesis, Colorado State University

    Google Scholar 

  41. Niu JL, Zhang LZ, Zuo HG (2002) Energy savings potential of chilled ceiling combined with desiccant cooling in hot and humid climates. Energy and Buildings 34:487–495

    Google Scholar 

  42. Nóbrega CE, Brum NCL (2009) Modeling and simulation of heat and enthalpy recovery wheels. Energy 34:2063–2068

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Nóbrega CEL, Brum NCL, (2009b) Influence of isotherm shape over desiccant cooling cycle performance. Heat Trans Eng 30(4) 322–328

    Google Scholar 

  44. Nóbrega CE, Brum NCL (2012) An analysis of the heat and mass transfer roles in air dehumidification by solid desiccants. Energ Build 50:251–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Nóbrega CE, Sphaier LA (2012) Modeling and simulation of a desiccant-Brayton cascade refrigeration cycle. Energ Build 55:575–584

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Ostrovskii NM, Chumakova NA, Bukhavtsova NM, Vernikovskaya NV, Arsitov YI (2007) Theor Found Chem Eng 41(1):83–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Parsons Ken (2003) Human thermal Environments. Taylor & Francis, London

    Google Scholar 

  48. Pennington NA (1955) Humidity changer for air conditioning. USA patemt No 2(700):537

    Google Scholar 

  49. Rady MA (2009) Heat and mass transfer in a composite bed or silica-gel and macro encapsulated PCM for performance of dehumidification of desiccant beds composed of silica-gel and thermal energy storage particles. Heat Mass Transf 45(5):545–561

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Rady M, Huzayyin AS, Arquis E, Monneyron P, Lebot C, Palomo E (2009) Study of heat and mass transfer in dehumidifying desiccant bed with macro-encapsulated phase change materials. Renew Energ 34:718–726

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Rutheven D (1984) Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  52. Sand JR, Fischer JC (2005) Active desiccant integration with packaged rooftop HVAC equipment. Appl Therm Eng 25:3138–3148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Spatz M, Yana Motta S, Achaicha N (2011) Low global warming potential refrigerants for stationary air conditioning applications. In: Proceedings of the 23rd international congress of refrigeration and air-conditioning, Prague, Czech Republic, paper 919

    Google Scholar 

  54. Sphaier LA, Nóbrega CE (2012) Parametric analysis of components effectiveness on desiccant cooling systems performance. Energy 38:157–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Tashiro Y, Kubo M, Katsumi Y, Meguro Y, Komeya K (2004) Assessment of adsorption-desorption characteristics of adsorbents for adsorptive desiccant cooling systems. J Mater Sci 39(9):1315–1319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Thoruwa TFN, Johnstone CM, Grant AD, Smith JE (2000) Feasibility study of using agriculture waste as desiccant for air conditioning system. Renew Energ 19:513–520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Tokarev M, Gordeeva L, Romannikov V, Glaznev I, Aristov Y (2002) New composite sorbent Cacl2 in mesopores for sorption cooling/heating. Int J Therm Sci 4:470–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Worek WM, Moon CJ (1988) Desiccant integrated hybrid vapour compression cooling performance sensitivity to outdoor conditions. Heat Recovery Syst CHP 8(6):489–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica, Celso Suckow da Fonseca, CEFET-RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega

  2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Nísio Carvalho Lobo Brum

Authors
  1. Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nísio Carvalho Lobo Brum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. CEFET/RJ, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega

  2. Bloco G, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Nisio Carvalho Lobo Brum

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Nóbrega, C.E.L., Brum, N.C.L. (2014). An Introduction to Solid Desiccant Cooling Technology. In: Nóbrega, C., Brum, N. (eds) Desiccant-Assisted Cooling. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5565-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5565-2_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-5564-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-5565-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation