Abstract
Clinicians have traditionally divided the lower urinary tract into the bladder, the vesical neck, and the urethra (Fig. 1). The bladder consists of the detrusor muscle and its interior epithelium, and the trigone (an embryologically separate structure lying on the dorsal wall of the bladder). The urethra is a multilayered muscular tube which extends below the bladder. It has its own specialized mucosal and vascular lining. The vesical neck is the region of the bladder base where the urethra enters the bladder. Because it has special characteristics and because the urethral lumen is actually surrounded by the bladder as it traverses the bladder wall, the vesical neck will be considered separately.
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DeLancey, J., Jünemann, K., Thüroff, J., Dixon, J., Gosling, J., Norton, P. (1994). Anatomy and Function of the Pelvic Floor. In: Pelvic Floor Re-education. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3569-2_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3569-2_2
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