Abstract
Scovia is a 21-year-old primigravida in her third trimester of pregnancy in Tororo, Uganda. She is complaining of a severe, unrelenting headache, malaise, abdominal pain, and joint pains for the past 3 days. She has occasional fevers on and off. Fetal movements have decreased. She does not complain of contractions, vaginal bleeding, or leakage of fluid. On examination, her cervix is closed, and a normal fetal heartbeat is auscultated. Her fundal height is 33 cm. Her temperature is normal, but she is noted to be tachycardic at 120 beats per minute. Neurological, abdominal, and joint examinations are normal.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Ades V. Safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of artemisinins in pregnancy. Infect Dis Rep. 2011;2:e8.
Beeson JG, Duffy PE. The immunology and pathogenesis of malaria during pregnancy. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005;297:187–227.
Bounyasong S. Randomized trial of artesunate and mefloquine in comparison with quinine sulfate to treat P. falciparum malaria pregnant women. J Med Assoc Thai. 2001;84(9):1289–99.
Brabin BJ, Romagosa C, Abdelgalil S, Menéndez C, Verhoeff FH, Mcgready R, et al. The sick placenta-the role of malaria. Placenta. 2004;25(5):359–78.
Bulmer JN, Rasheed FN, Francis N, Morrison L, Greenwood BM. Placental malaria. I. Pathological classification. Histopathology. 1993;22(3):211–8.
Chuma J, Abuya T, Memusi D, Juma E, Akhwale W, Ntwiga J, et al. Reviewing the literature on access to prompt and effective malaria treatment in Kenya: implications for meeting the Abuja targets. Malar J. 2009;8:243.
Chuma J, Okungu V, Molyneux C. Barriers to prompt and effective malaria treatment among the poorest population in Kenya. Malar J. 2010;9:144.
Demographic and Health Surveys, Uganda 2011. http://www.statcompiler.com. Last accessed 28 April 2013.
Desai M, Terkuile F, Nosten F, Mcgready R, Asamoa K, Brabin B, et al. Epidemiology and burden of malaria in pregnancy. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007;7(2):93–104.
Dondorp AM et al. Artemisinin resistance: current status and scenarios for containment. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010;8(4):272–80.
Duffy PE, Fried M. Malaria in the pregnant woman. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2005;295:169–200.
Duffy PE, Fried M. Pregnancy malaria: cryptic disease, apparent solution. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 2011;106 Suppl 1:64–9.
Ezebialu IU, Eke AC, Ezeagwuna DA, Nwachukwu CE, Ifediata F, Ezebialu CU. Prevalence, pattern, and determinants of placental malaria in a population of southeastern Nigerian parturients. Int J Infect Dis. 2012;16(12):e860–5.
Francis D et al. Geographic differences in antimalarial drug efficacy in Uganda are explained by differences in endemicity and not by known molecular markers of drug resistance. J Infect Dis. 2006;193(7):978–86.
Global Health Observatory Data Repository. http://apps.who.int/ghodata/. Last accessed 29 Aug 2012.
Greenwood BM, Bojang K, Whitty CJ, Targett GA. Malaria. Lancet. 2005;365(9469):1487–98.
Guyatt HL, Snow RW. The epidemiology and burden of Plasmodium falciparum-related anemia among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2001;64(1–2 Suppl):36–44 [Review. PubMed PMID: 11425176].
Guyatt HL, Snow RW. Impact of malaria during pregnancy on low birth weight in Sub-Saharan Africa. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004;14(4):760–9.
Huynh BT, Fievet N, Gbaguidi G, Borgella S, Mévo BG, Massougbodji A, et al. Malaria associated symptoms in pregnant women followed-up in Benin. Malar J. 2011;10:72.
Kamya MR, Bakyaita NN, Talisuna AO, Were WM, Staedke SG. Increasing antimalarial drug resistance in Uganda and revision of the national drug policy. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;7(12):1031–41.
Kaye DK, Nshemerirwe R, Mutyaba TS, Ndeezi G. A randomized clinical trial comparing safety, clinical and parasitological response to artemether-lumefantrine and chlorproguanil-dapsone in treatment of uncomplicated malaria in pregnancy in Mulago hospital, Uganda. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2008;2(2):135–9.
Kiwuwa MS, Mufubenga P. Use of antenatal care, maternity services, intermittent presumptive treatment and insecticide treated bed nets by pregnant women in Luwero district, Uganda. Malar J. 2008;7:44.
Kuile FT, Parise ME, Verhoeff FF, Udhayakumar V, Newman RD, Eijk AMV, et al. The burden of co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and malaria in pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2004;71 Suppl 2:41–54.
Le Port A, Watier L, Cottrell G, Ouédraogo S, Dechavanne C, Pierrat C, et al. Infections in infants during the first 12 months of life: role of placental malaria and environmental factors. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27516.
Manyando C, Mkandawire R, Puma L, Sinkala M, Mpabalwani E, Njunju E, et al. Safety of artemether-lumefantrine in pregnant women with malaria: results of a prospective cohort study in Zambia. Malar J. 2010;9(1):249.
Mbonye AK. Prevalence of childhood illnesses and care-seeking practices in rural Uganda. ScientificWorldJournal. 2003;3:721–30.
Mcgready R, Cho T, Keo NK, Thwai KL, Villegas L, Looareesuwan S, et al. Artemisinin antimalarials in pregnancy: a prospective treatment study of 539 episodes of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33(12):2009–16.
Menendez C, Mayor A. Congenital malaria: the least known consequence of malaria in pregnancy. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2007;12(3):207–13.
Moody A. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2002;15(1):66–78.
Ndyomugyenyi R, Katamanywa J. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp): do frequent antenatal care visits ensure access and compliance to IPTp in Ugandan rural communities? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010;104(8):536–40.
Ndyomugyenyi R, Neema S, Magnussen P. The use of formal and informal services for antenatal care and malaria treatment in rural Uganda. Health Policy Plan. 1998;13(1):94–102.
Nosten F, Rogerson SJ, Beeson JG, Mcgready R, Mutabingwa TK, Brabin B. Malaria in pregnancy and the endemicity spectrum: what can we learn? Trends Parasitol. 2004;20(9):425–32.
Obol J, David Lagoro K, Garimoi Christopher O. Knowledge and misconceptions about malaria among pregnant women in a post-conflict internally displaced Persons’ camps in Gulu District, Northern Uganda. Malar Res Treat. 2011;2011:107987 [Epub 2011 Sep 14. PubMed PMID: 22312565; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3265282].
Okello PE, Van Bortel W, Byaruhanga AM, Correwyn A, Roelants P, Talisuna A, et al. Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2006;75(2):219–25.
Ordi J, Ismail MR, Ventura PJ, Kahigwa E, Hirt R, Cardesa A, et al. Massive chronic intervillositis of the placenta associated with malaria infection. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22(8):1006–11.
Parikh S, Rosenthal PJ. Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy: is sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine the right drug? Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010;87(2):160–2.
Piola P, Nabasumba C, Turyakira E, Dhorda M, Lindegardh N, Nyehangane D, et al. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine compared with quinine in pregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10(11):762–9.
Poespoprodjo JR, Hasanuddin A, Fobia W, Sugiarto P, Kenangalem E, Lampah DA, et al. Severe congenital malaria acquired in utero. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2010;82(4):563–5.
Pulford J, Hetzel MW, Bryant M, Siba PM, Mueller I. Reported reasons for not using a mosquito net when one is available: a review of the published literature. Malar J. 2011;10:83.
Reilley B, Abeyasinghe R, Pakianathar MV. Barriers to prompt and effective treatment of malaria in northern Sri Lanka. Trop Med Int Health. 2002;7(9):744–9.
Bakyaita N, Dorsey G, Yeka A, Banek K, Staedke SG, Kamya MR, et al. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus chloroquine or amodiaquine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a randomized, multisite trial to guide national policy in Uganda. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2005;72(5):573–80.
Rogerson S, Mwapasa V, Meshnick S. Malaria in pregnancy: linking immunity and pathogenesis to prevention. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2007a;77(6 Suppl):14.
Rogerson SJ, Hviid L, Duffy PE, Leke RF, Taylor DW. Malaria in pregnancy: pathogenesis and immunity. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007b;7(2):105–17.
Sangare LR, Weiss NS, Brentlinger PE, Richardson BA, Staedke SG, et al. Determinants of Use of insecticide treated nets for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy: Jinja, Uganda. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39712. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039712.
Shulman CE, Marshall T, Dorman EK, Bulmer JN, Cutts F, Peshu N, et al. Malaria in pregnancy: adverse effects on haemoglobin levels and birth weight in primigravidae and multigravidae. Trop Med Int Health. 2001;6(10):770–8.
Steketee R, Nahlen BL, Parise ME, Menendez C. The burden of malaria in pregnancy in malaria-endemic areas. AmJTrop Med Hyg. 2001;64 Suppl 1:S28–35.
Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and ICF Macro. 2010. Uganda malaria indicator survey 2009. Calverton, MD: UBOS and ICF Macro. http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/MIS6/MIS6.pdf. Accessed 21 Sept 2012.
Umbers AJ, Aitken EH, Rogerson SJ. Malaria in pregnancy: small babies, big problem. Trends Parasitol. 2011;27(4):168–75.
Uneke CJ. Impact of placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria on pregnancy and perinatal outcome in sub-Saharan Africa: I: introduction to placental malaria. Yale J Biol Med. 2007;80(2):39–50.
van Eijk AM, Ayisi JG, ter Kuile FO, Misore AO, Otieno JA, Rosen DH, et al. HIV increases the risk of malaria in women of all gravidities in Kisumu, Kenya. AIDS. 2003;17(4):595–603.
van Eijk AM, Hill J, Alegana VA, Kirui V, Gething PW, ter Kuile FO, et al. Coverage of malaria protection in pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a synthesis and analysis of national survey data. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11(3):190–207 [Epub 2011 Jan 26. PubMed PMID: 21273130; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3119932].
Whitty CJM, Edmonds S, Mutabingwa TK. Malaria in pregnancy. BJOG. 2005;112:1189–95.
WHO. Global malaria programme: position statement on insecticide-treated mosquito nets. 2007. http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/itnspospaperfinal.pdf. Last accessed 9 Aug 2012.
WHO. World Malaria Report 2011. http://www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2011/9789241564403_eng.pdf. Accessed 6 Sept 2012.
WHO. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. 2010. p. 1–211. http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241547925/en/index.html. Last accessed 13 March 2011.
WHO. Universal access to malaria diagnostic testing. 2011. p. 1–158. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241502092_eng.pdf. Last accessed 9 Aug 2012.
WHO. New perspectives: Malaria diagnosis: report of joint WHO/USAID informal consultation, Oct 1999. http://www.who.int/tdr/publications/documents/malaria-diagnosis.pdf. Last accessed 7 Aug 2012.
WHO. Global malaria programme. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy using Sulfadoxine- Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP): Updated WHO Policy Recommendation (Oct 2012). http://www.who.int/malaria/iptp_sp_updated_policy_recommendation_en_102012.pdf. Last accessed 28 April 2013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ades, V. (2013). Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria in Pregnancy. In: Shirazian, T., Gertz, E. (eds) Around the Globe for Women's Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8258-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8258-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-8257-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8258-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)