Definition
In computer graphics, non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) describes all the depiction techniques which do not aim to convey photographic realism. The reason why this term is defined by “what it is not” is that through the last decades, the computer graphics community has focused most of its efforts in creating images indistinguishable from reality (like a photograph or photorealistic), thus assimilating the subfield “photorealistic rendering” to the more general term “computer graphics.”
Some of the most well-known NPR techniques are 3D rendering with cel shading to simulate cartoon style, simulation of traditional art media (ink, pencil, watercolor, etc.) and artistic styles (abstract painting, impressionism, etc.), and technical depiction of objects in order to enhance clarity over realism: architecture blueprints, engineering cutaway, and explode views or anatomical dissections.
Origin of the Term
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Lopez-Moreno, J. (2016). Non-Photorealistic Rendering. In: Luo, M.R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8071-7_169
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