Abstract
Dr. D.L. MacIntosh1 described the over-the-top technique in a report to the Canadian Orthopaedic Association in 1974. This technique is useful today for knee surgeons in spite of our increased understanding of, and access to, new techniques and instrumentation for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The over-the-top position provides femoral ACL graft positioning and fixation options that can be useful. One advantage of the over-thetop positioning2 is that it reproducibly places the graft in a kinematically suitable3 position for an ACL repair. Another advantage is it allows the use of all fixation options and any graft type (Fig. 33.4.1).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Maclntoch DL. Acute tears of the anterior cruciate ligament. Over-the-top repair. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the AAOS, Dallas, 1974.
Daniel DM, Woodward EP, Losee GM, Stone ML. The Marshall Macintoch anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the Kennedy ligament augmentation device: report of the United States clinical trials. In: Friedman MJ, Ferkei RD, eds. Prosthetic ligament reconstruction of the knee. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1988: 71–78.
Brower RS, Askew MJ, Melby III A. In-vitro comparison of over-the-top and through-the-condyle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 1992; 20 (5): 567–574.
Montgomery RD, Milton JL, Terry GC, McLeod WD, Madsen N. Comparison of over-the-top and tunnel techniques for anterior cruciate ligament replacement. Clin Orthop 1988; 231: 144–153.
Sandholzer V, Hafele H, Ender M. Erfahrungen mit der Versorgung Der frischen Kreuzbandruptur Bei Sportlern, Sportverl. Sportschad 1991; 5: 127–129.
Seidels JA, Larson RV, et al. Ligament length relationship in the moving knee. J Orthop Res 1988; 6: 593–610.
Birdsong E, Melby III A, Ewing JW. The over-the-top position. AANA 1995 Specialty Day, Orlando, FL.
Melby A III. The over-the-top position. AANA, 1993, Albuquerque.
Fleming B, Beynnon B, Howe J, McLeod W, Pope M. Effect of tension and placement of a prosthetic ACL on the anteroposterior laxity of the knee. J Orthop Res 1992; 10: 177–186.
Roth JH, Kennedy JC, Lockstadt H, McCallum CL, Cunning LA. Polypropylene braid augmented and nonaugmented intraarticular anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 1985; 13: 321–336.
Sgaglione NA, Warren RF, Wickiewicz TL, et al. Primary repair with semi-tendinosus tendon augmentation of acute anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med 1990; 18: 64–73.
Sherman MF. The long term follow-up of modified MacIntoch anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19 (3): 243–255.
Howe JG, Johnson RJ, Kaplan MJ, Fleming B, Jarvinen M. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using quadriceps patellar tendon graft: part 1. Long term follow-up. Am J Sports Med 1991; 19: 447–457.
Jakob RP, Staubli HU. The knee and the cruciate ligaments. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992: 454.
Karlson JA, Steiner ME, Brown CH, Johnston J. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using gracilis and semitendinous tendons. Am J Sports Med 1994; 22 (5): 659–666.
Melhorn JM, Henning CE. The relationship of the femoral attachment site to the isometric tracking of the anterior cruciate ligament graft. Am J Sports Med 1987; 15: 539.
O’Meara PM. ACL reconstruction stability with CPM: the role of isometric graft placement. CORR 1992; 277: 209–210.
Daniel DM, Akeson WH, O’Connor M. In: Daniel D, eds. Knee ligaments: structure, function, injury, and repair. New York: Raven Press, 1990, pp. 558–567.
Sakane M, Fox RJ, Woo SL, Livesay GA, Li G, Fu FH. In situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament and its bundles in response to anterior tibial loads. J Orthop Res 1997; 15 (2): 258–293.
Radford WJP, Amis AA. Mechanics of a double prosthetic ligament in the ACL deficient knee. J Bone Joint Surg 1990; 72B(6).
Muneta T, Yamamoto H, Saki H, Ishibashi T, Furuya K. Relationship between changes in length and force in in-vitro reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament. Am J Sports Med 1993; (Mar/Apr):299–304.
Lewis JL, Lew WD. Knee joint motion and ligament forces before and after ACL reconstruction. J Biomech Eng 1989; 111 (2): 979–1006.
Johnson H, Elmquist LG, Karrholm J, Tegner Y. Over-the-top or tunnel reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament? J Bone Joint Surg 1994; 76B (1): 82–87.
Melby A III, Noble JS, Askew MJ, et al. The effects of graft tensioning on the laxity and kinematics of the ACL reconstructed knee. Arthroscopy 1991; 7 (3): 257–266.
Friedrich NF, O’Brien WR. Functional anatomy of the cruciate ligaments.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Melby, A., Ewing, J.W. (2001). Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Over-the-Top Techniques. In: Chow, J.C.Y. (eds) Advanced Arthroscopy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21541-9_49
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21541-9_49
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9513-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21541-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive