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Nanoscience and Cultural Heritage pp 75–122Cite as

Informative Potential of Multiscale Observations in Archaeological Biominerals Down to Nanoscale

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Abstract

Humans have intentionally used biological materials such as bone, ivory and shells since prehistoric times due to their particular physical and chemical properties. The composite nature of biological materials at the nanoscale combined with an important structural hierarchy up to the macroscopic level is responsible for these exceptional properties. In this chapter we discuss the relation of the structural features of different biological materials within their archaeological and historical contexts along with their anthropological use and function. Amid the wealth of biological materials of archaeological interest, a special attention is paid to carbonate–based materials such as corals and shells and phosphate-based ones, including bone, teeth, ivory and antler. The structural features of these archaeobiominerals at different length scales down to the nanoscopic scale are highlighted in this chapter as they allow drawing conclusions on ancient working techniques, the provision and circulation of raw materials, anthropological heat processes, and, last but not least, on diagenetic changes and authentication purposes. The informative potential of observations of archaeological biological materials at different length scales is finally illustrated by some case studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d’Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    Ina Reiche

  2. Rathgen-Forschungslabor, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin-Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Schloßstraße 1a, 14059, Berlin, Germany

    Ina Reiche

  3. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Aurélien Gourrier

  4. CNRS, LIPHY, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Aurélien Gourrier

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  1. Ina Reiche
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  2. Aurélien Gourrier
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Correspondence to Ina Reiche .

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  1. CEA Saclay, LAPA/NIMBE Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France

    Philippe Dillmann

  2. Interactions et Spectroscopies UPMC-CNRS, MONARIS “de la Molécule aux Nano-objets, Paris, France

    Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet

  3. Nenner.conseil Ltd, Chaville, France

    Irène Nenner

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Reiche, I., Gourrier, A. (2016). Informative Potential of Multiscale Observations in Archaeological Biominerals Down to Nanoscale. In: Dillmann, P., Bellot-Gurlet, L., Nenner, I. (eds) Nanoscience and Cultural Heritage. Atlantis Press, Paris. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-198-7_4

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