Abstract
In this paper, we used the Czochralski method to obtain good-quality yttrium aluminium garnet (Y3Al5O12)—YAG and yttrium aluminium garnet doped with neodymium—Nd:YAG crystals. The investigations were based on the growth mechanisms and the shape of the liquid/solid interface on the crystal properties and incorporation of Nd3+ ions. The obtained single YAG and Nd:YAG crystals were studied by use of Raman and IR spectroscopy. There are strong metal oxygen vibrations in region 650–800 cm−1 which are characteristics of Al–O bond: peaks at 784/854, 719/763 and 691/707 cm−1 correspond to asymmetric stretching vibrations in tetrahedral arrangement. Peaks at 566/582, 510/547 and 477/505 cm−1 are asymmetric stretching vibrations, and 453/483 cm−1 is symmetric vibration of Al–O bond in octahedral arrangement of garnet structure. Lower energy peaks correspond to translation and liberation of cations in different coordinations—tetrahedral, octahedral and dodecahedral in the case of the lowest modes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
T. Fukuda, K. Shimamura, V.V. Kochurikhin, V.I. Chani, B.M. Epelbaum, S.L. Buldochi, H. Takeda, A. Yoshikava, Crystal growth of oxide and fluoride materials for optical, piezoelectric and other applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 10, 571–580 (1999)
D. Jun, D. Peizhen, X. Jun, The growth of Cr4+, Yb3+: yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal and its absorption spectra properties. J. Cryst. Growth 203, 163–167 (1999)
A. Golubovic, S. Nikolic, R. Gajic, Z. Dohcevic-Mitrovic, A. Valcic, Growth and IR spectra of YAG and Nd:YAG single crystals. Metalurgija 10, 363–370 (2004)
A. Golubovic, R. Gajic, Z. Dohcevic-Mitrovic, S. Nikolic, Nd pronounced anharmonicity in IR spectra of CaWO4 single crystals. Sci. Sinter. 38, 265–272 (2006)
C. Belouet, About crystalline perfection of Nd-doped YAG single crystals. J. Cryst. Growth 15, 188–194 (1972)
V.J. Fratello, C.D. Brandle, Physical properties of a Y3Al5O12 melt. J. Cryst. Growth 128, 1006–1010 (1993)
Z. Galązka, H. Wilke, Influence of Marangoni convection on the flow pattern in the melt during growth of Y3Al5O12 single crystals by the Czochralski method. J. Cryst. Growth 216, 389–398 (2000)
A. Golubović, S. Nikolić, R. Gajić, S. Đurić, A. Valčić, The growth of Nd:YAG single crystals. J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 67, 291–300 (2002)
Y.M. Yu, V.I. Chani, K. Shimamura, T. Fukuda, Growth of Ca(Li, Nb, Ga)(5)O−12 garnet crystals from stoichiometric melts. J. Cryst. Growth 171, 463–471 (1997)
Y.M. Yu, V.I. Chani, K. Shimamura, K.T. Inaba, T. Fukuda, Growth of vanadium garnet fiber crystals and variations of lattice-parameter. J. Cryst. Growth 177, 74–78 (1997)
R.S. Feigelson, Pulling optical fibers. J. Cryst. Growth 79, 669–680 (1986)
R.S. Feigelson, Opportunities for research on single-crystal fibers. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 1, 67–75 (1988)
R.S. Feigelson, Tunable Solid State Lasers I, ed. by P. Hammerling, A.B. Budgor, A. Pinto (Springer, Berlin, 1985), pp. 129–142
L. Dobrzycki, E. Bulska, D.A. Pawlak, Z. Frukacz, K. Wozniak, Structure of YAG crystals doped/substituted with erbium and ytterbium. Inorg. Chem. 43(24), 7656–7664 (2004), pMID: 15554630
H. Saeedi, M. Asadian, Sh Enayati, N. Mirzaei, Cryst. Res. Technol. 46, 1229–1234 (2011)
Z.Ž. Lazarević, P. Mihailović, S. Kostić, M.J. Romčević, M. Mitrić, S. Petričević, J. Radunović, M. Petrović-Damjanović, M. Gilić, N.Ž. Romčević, Opt. Mater. 34, 1849–1859 (2012)
Z. Lazarević, S. Kostić, V. Radojević, M. Romčević, M. Gilić, M. Petrović-Damjanović, N. Romčević, Phys. Scr. T157, 014046 (2013)
Y. Peizhi, D. Peizhen, Y. Zhiwen, T. Yulian, The growth defects in Czochralski grown Yb: YAG crystal. J. Cryst. Growth 218, 87–92 (2000)
S. Geller, L.D. Fullmer, P.B. Crandall, G.P. Espinosa, Thermal-expansion of some garnets. Mater. Res. Bull. 7, 1219–1224 (1972)
J.P. Hurrell, P.S. Porto, I.F. Chang, S.S. Mitra, R.P. Bauman, Optical phonons of yttrium aluminium garnet. Phys. Rev. 173, 851–856 (1965)
Y.F. Chen, P.K. Lim, S.J. Lim, Y.J. Yang, L.J. Hu, H.P. Chiang, W.S. Tse, Raman scattering investigation of Yb:YAG crystals grown by the Czochralski method. J. Raman Spectrosc. 34, 882–885 (2003)
A. Lukowiak, R.J. Wiglusz, M. Maczka, P. Gluchowski, W. Strek, IR and Raman spectroscopy study of YAG nanoceramics. Chem. Phys. Lett. 494, 279–283 (2010)
J. Su, Q. Zhang, S. Yin, D. Sun, S. Shao, Raman spectra analysis of Nd:YAG single crystal and its nano-powder. Spectrosc. Spectr. Anal. 29, 1577–1580 (2009)
A.M. Hofmeister, K.R. Campbell, Infrared spectroscopy of yttrium aluminum, yttrium gallium, and yttrium iron garnets. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 638–646 (1992)
Acknowledgment
This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia through Project No. III45003.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Atlantis Press and the author(s)
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kostić, S. et al. (2016). Structural and Optical Studies of Oxide Single Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method. In: Lee, W., Gadow, R., Mitic, V., Obradovic, N. (eds) Proceedings of the III Advanced Ceramics and Applications Conference. Atlantis Press, Paris. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-157-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6239-157-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Atlantis Press, Paris
Print ISBN: 978-94-6239-156-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-6239-157-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)