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The Class III Protein Deacetylases

Homologs of Yeast Sir2p

  • Chapter
Histone Deacetylases

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

Abstract

Sirtuins are NAD-dependent protein deacetylases found in organisms ranging from bacteria to humans that share sequence homology with the yeast transcriptional regulator Sir2. In eukaryotes, sirtuins regulate The first two authors contributed equally to this review. transcriptional repression, recombination, cell cycle division, microtubule organization, and cellular responses to DNA-damaging agents. Sir2 proteins have also been implicated in regulating the molecular mechanisms of aging. Eukaryotic sirtuins contain a core catalytic domain and variable amino- and carboxyl-terminal extensions that regulate their subcellular localizations and catalytic activity. This review focuses on the diverse sub-cellular distribution, substrate specificity, and cellular functions of sirtuins with particular emphasis on the biology of mammalian sirtuins.

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Abbreviations

Abf1:

ARS-binding factor 1 protein

Age-1:

AGEing alteration family member 1

Bax:

BCL2-associated X protein

Daf-2:

Abnormal dauer formation family member 2

GCN5:

General control of amino-acid synthesis 5

Hap4:

Subunit of the heme-activated, glucose-repressed Hap2p/3p/4p/5p CCAAT-binding complex

HES1:

Hairy and enhancer of split 1

HEY2:

Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 2

HRAS1:

Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene 1

MyoD:

Myogenic differentiation 1

Net1p:

Nucleolar protein involved in exit from mitosis; protein 1

Orc:

Origin recognition complex

PGC-1-α:

Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1, α

PML:

Promyelocytic leukemia

PNC1:

Pyrazinamidase/nicotinamidase 1

Rap1:

Repressor activator protein 1

RelA:

v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A

SRC-1:

Steroid receptor coactivator-1

TAF:

TBP-associated transcription factor family member

Tat:

Transactivating regulatory protein

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  1. Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA

    Bjoern Schwer MD, Brian J. North PhD, Nidhi Ahuja PhD, Brett Marshall & Eric Verdin MD

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    Eric Verdin MD

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Schwer, B., North, B.J., Ahuja, N., Marshall, B., Verdin, E. (2006). The Class III Protein Deacetylases. In: Verdin, E. (eds) Histone Deacetylases. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-024-3:237

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