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Effects of Stress and Nutrition on Blood-Brain Barrier Functions

  • Chapter
Nutrients, Stress, and Medical Disorders

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Over the past two decades, dramatic progress has been made in understanding the physiology and functions of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is made up of brain microvessel endothelial cells, astroglia, pericytes, perivascular macrophages, and basal lamina. Brain microvessel endothelial cells are characterized by tight intercellular junctions restricting the passage of most molecules from the circulation to the brain. The brains of vertebrates are perfused by a dense microvascular network formed by the capillary endothelial cells within the brain (Pardridge, 2002). The density of the microvasculature in the brain is so intricate that no neuron or glial cell is more than 20 µm from a neighboring capillary (Bar, 1980). Therefore, every neuron is virtually perfused by its own microvessel. Once a circulating solute crosses the brain microvascular wall, it can be immediately utilized by every neuron within the brain.

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  1. Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine and Geriatric Research, St. Louis, MO

    Akihiko Urayama & William A. Banks

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  1. Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, and The Gonda Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Shlomo Yehuda PhD

  2. Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA

    David I. Mostofsky PhD

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Urayama, A., Banks, W.A. (2006). Effects of Stress and Nutrition on Blood-Brain Barrier Functions. In: Yehuda, S., Mostofsky, D.I. (eds) Nutrients, Stress, and Medical Disorders. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-952-4:083

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