Skip to main content

Introduction: Extra-Parliamentary Politics

  • Chapter
The Politics of Protest

Abstract

On 14 February 2002 a by-election took place in the Parliamentary constituency of Ogmore in South Wales. Slightly in excess of 18,000 of the constituency’s 51,325 electors bothered to vote, a turnout of 31.3 per cent. News of this event was tucked away on page 13 of the Guardian newspaper on 16 February. This illustrated that the lack of public interest in conventional politics (which, as Chapter 2 discusses, was a feature of the 2001 general election) has not been subsequently remedied and that large numbers of citizens (including many of those who were previously regarded as civic-minded) (Hansard Society, 2001: 1) remain disengaged from this process, providing stark evidence of the existence of a profound ‘crisis in democratic politics’ (Whiteley et al., 2001: 786). This book is concerned with examining why this is the case, and evaluating alternative methods of political articulation which are collectively referred to as extra-parliamentary political action.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • M. Abrams (1962) ‘Social Trends and Electoral Behaviour’, British Journal of Political Sociology, 13, 238–56

    Google Scholar 

  • F. Allport (1924) Social Psychology (Boston: Houghton Miffin)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Almond and S. Verba (1963) The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Almond and S. Verba (eds) (1989) The Civic Culture Revisited (London: Sage)

    Google Scholar 

  • I. Beckett (1992) ‘Conflict Management and the Police: a Policing Strategy for Public Order’, in T. Marshall (ed.) Community Disorders and Policing: Conflict Management in Action (London: Whiting and Birch)

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Berk (1993) ‘A Gaming Approach to Crowd Behaviour’, in R. Curtis and B. Aguirre (eds) Collective Behaviour and Social Movements (Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon)

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Brewer, A. Guelke, I. Hume, E. Moxon-Browne and R. Wilford (1996) The Police, Public Order and the State: Policing in Great Britain, Northern Ireland, the Irish Republic, the USA, Israel, South Africa and China (Basingstoke: Macmillan – now Palgrave Macmillan, 2nd edition)

    Google Scholar 

  • C. Critcher (2000) ‘The Policing of Pit Closures’, in R. Bessel and C. Emsley (eds) Patterns of Provocation: Police and Public Disorder (Oxford: Breghahn Books)

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Davies (1969) ‘The J-Curve of Rising and Declining Satisfactions as a Cause of some Great Revolutions and a Contained Rebellion’, in H. David Graham and T. Gurr (eds) Violence in America: a Report to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (Washington DC: US Government Printing Office, Volume 2)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Denver (1994) Elections and Voting Behaviour in Britain (Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 2nd edition)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • P. Eisinger (1973) ‘The Conditions of Protest Behaviour in American Cities’, American Political Science Review, 67, 11–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Freud (1945) Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego (London: Hogarth)

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Goldthorpe, D. Lockwood, F. Bechhofer and J. Platt (1968) The Affluent Worker: Political Attitudes and Behaviour (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Gurr (1969) ‘A Comparative Study of Civil Strife’, in H. David Graham and T. Gurr (eds) Violence in America: a Report to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (Washington DC: US Government Printing Office, Volume 2)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansard Society (2001) None of the Above: Non-Voters and the 2001 Election (London: Hansard Society)

    Google Scholar 

  • N. Hertz (2001) The Silent Takeover: Global Capitalism and the Death of Democracy (London: Heinemann)

    Google Scholar 

  • E. Hobsbawn (1959) Primitive Rebels (Manchester: Manchester University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • B. Hogwood (1987) From Crisis to Complacency? Shaping Public Policy in Britain (Oxford: Oxford University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Hyman (1972) Strikes (London: Fontana)

    Google Scholar 

  • Independent Labour Party (1990) The Battle of Trafalgar: Where Next for the Anti-Poll Tax Movement? (Leeds: Independent Labour Party)

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Keith (1993) Lore and Disorder in a Multi-Racial Society (London: UCL Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • M. King and N. Brearley (1996) Public Order Policing: Contemporary Perspectives on Strategy and Tactics (Leicester: Perpetuity Press, Crime and Security Shorter Study Series: Number 2)

    Google Scholar 

  • H. Kriesi (1995) ‘The Political Opportunity Structure of New Social Movements: its Impact on their Mobilisation’, in J. Craig Jenkins and B. Klandermans (eds), The Politics of Social Protest, Comparative Perspectives on States and Social Movements (London: UCL Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Le Bon (1896) The Crowd: a Study of the Popular Mind (New York, Viking, 1960, originally published in 1896)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Marx and D. McAdam (1994) Collective Behaviour and Social Movements (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall)

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Mayer (1995) ‘Social Movement Research in the United States: a European Perspective’, in S. Lyman (ed.) Social Movements: Critiques, Concepts, Case Studies (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press – now Palgrave Macmillan)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. McAdam, T. McCarthy and N. Zald (eds) (1996) Comparative Perspective on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilising Structures and Cultural Framing (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • C. McPhail (1991) The Myth of the Madding Crowd (Hawthorne, New York: Aldine de Gruyter)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. della Porta, (1995) Social Movements and the State, a Comparative Analysis of Italy and Germany (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. della Porta, H. Kriesi and D. Rucht (eds) (1999) Social Movements in a Globalizing World (Basingstoke: Macmillan Press – now Palgrave Macmillan)

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Rude (1964) The Crowd in History (New York: John Wiley)

    Google Scholar 

  • N. Smelser (1962) Theory of Collective Behaviour (New York: Free Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • S. Tarrow (1989) Democracy and Disorder: Protest and Politics in Italy 1965–1975 (Oxford: Oxford University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Waddington, K. Jones and C. Critcher (1989) Flashpoints: Studies in Public Disorder (London: Routledge)

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Waddington (1992) Contemporary Issues in Public Disorder. A Comparative and Historical Approach (London: Routledge)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • D. Waddington (1996) ‘Key Issues and Controversies’, in C. Critcher and D. Waddington (eds) Policing Public Order: Theoretical and Practical Issues (Aldershot: Avebury)

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Waddington (1996) ‘Public Order Policing: Citizenship and Moral Ambiguity’, in F. Leishman, B. Loveday and S. Savage (eds) Core Issues in Policing (Harlow: Longman)

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Whiteley, H. Clarke, D. Sanders and M. Stewart (2001) ‘Turnout’, Parliamentary Affairs, 54(4), 775–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. Zimbardo (1969) ‘The Human Choice: Reason and Order versus Deindividuation Impulse and Chaos’, in W. Arnold and D. Levine (eds) Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2002 Peter Joyce

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Joyce, P. (2002). Introduction: Extra-Parliamentary Politics. In: The Politics of Protest. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403990235_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics