Abstract
In the quarter-century Chinese Civil War, Mao Tse-tung’s ill-equipped, poorly trained million-man peasant army defeated Chiang Kai-shek’s modern, well-equipped, three-million-man armored force. Although Mao and Chiang both sought to rebuild a self-respecting, independent China within their shared strategic culture, their contrasting strategies epitomize the poles of Shih-theory—Shih and Li.
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Notes
See James P. Harrison, Modern Chinese Nationalism (New York: Hunter College of the University of New York, 1969), 22.
See Owen Lattimore, China Memoirs: Chiang Kai Shek and the War Against Japan (Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1990), 135–136.
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See Ralph Sawyer, ed. and trans., The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China (San Francisco: Westview, 1993), 213–214.
See Mao Tse-Tung, Selected Military Writings of Mao Tse-Tung (Peking: Foreign Language Press, 1972), 97.
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See Soon Kyu Kim, History of Chinese Strategy and Tactics (Seoul: Research Center for Defense History, 1996), 66.
Chiang Kai-shek, Soviet Russia in China (New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, 1957), 64.
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See Wu Tien-wei, The Sian Incident: A Pivotal Point in Modern Chinese History (Ann Arbor: Center for Chinese Studies, University of Michigan, 1976), 104–105.
See Donald G. Gillin, Warlord: Yen Hsi-shan in Shansi Province, 1911–1949 (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967).
See Jin-young Lee, Joongkuk In Minhae Bang Kunsa: History of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (Seoul: Research Center for Defense History, 1998), 138–139; Jin-young Seo, Joong Kuk Hyuk Myung Sa, 202.
See William Hinton, Fan Shen: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese Village (New York: Random House, 1966), 200.
See F.F. Liu, “Defeat by Military Default,” in The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Collapse or Conquest?, ed. P.Y. Loh (Boston: D.C. Heath, 1965), 10–11.
Thomas Cleary, trans., The Art of War, in Classics of Strategy and Counsel: The Collected Translations of Thomas Cleary, by Thomas Cleary, vol. 1 (Boston: Shambhala, 2000), 110.
Roger T. Ames, Sun Tzu: The Art of Warfare (New York: Ballantine, 1993), 76–77.
See Scott Boorman, The Protracted Game: A Wei-Chi Interpretation of Maoist Revolutionary Strategy (New York: Oxford University Press, 1969), 26–27.
Byung-Chon Ro, Dohae Sonja Byungbub (Sun Tzu’s Art of War) (Seoul: Hanwon Press, 1990) 155.
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© 2006 William H. Mott IV and Jae Chang Kim
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Mott, W.H., Kim, J.C. (2006). The Chinese Civil War. In: The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403983138_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403983138_4
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