Skip to main content

Mafia Without Malfeasance, Clans Without Crime

The Criminality Conundrum in Post-Communist Europe

  • Chapter
Crime’s Power

Abstract

Since the breakup of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, the American stereotype of the “Evil Empire” has been replaced by quite another image of the new Russia: that of “mafia.”1 Western images of the mafia zero in on “criminal” activities,2 widespread corruption, and their potential threats. As in many stereotypes, that of the new Russia as mafia-influenced holds some truth: Payments to governmental officials are common; contract murders and trafficking in drugs and prostitutes are widespread; the trade in black-market weapons and nuclear materials across borders is widely reported and often presented by Western media and governments as a national security threat. Countering eastern European organized crime and corruption and introducing the “rule of law” has become a growth industry in the United States and some other Western nations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • Bivens, Matt and Jonas Bernstein 1998 The Russia You Never Met. Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 6 (4): 613–647.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boissevain, Jeremy 1974 Friends of Friends: Networks, Manipulators and Coalitions. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comaroff, Jean and John L. Comaroff 1999 Occult Economies and the Violence of Abstraction: Notes from the South African Postcolony. American Ethnologist 26 (2): 279–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coulloudon, Virginie 1997 The Criminalization of Russia’s Political Elite. East European Constitutional Review 6 (4): 73–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coulloudon, Virginie 1998 Elite Groups. Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 6 (3): 535–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences, 1937, Edwin R. A. Seligman, main ed. Pp. 462–464. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Firlit, Elzbieta and Jerzy Chlopecki 1992 When Theft is Not Theft. In The Unplanned Society: Poland During and After Communism. Janine Wedel, ed. Pp. 95–109. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Thomas E. 1995 The New Russian Regime. Nezavisimaya Gazeta. November 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Thomas E. 1996 Russia’s New Non Democrats. Harper’s Magazine 292 (1751): 26–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, Thomas E. 1999 From Oligarchy to Oligarchy: The Structure of Russia’s Ruling Elite. Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization 7 (3): 325–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Havel, Vichy 1985 The Power of the Powerless. In The Power of the Powerless: Citizens Against the State in Central-Eastern Europe. John Keane, ed. Pp. 23–96. Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedlund, Stefan 1999 Russia’s “Market” Economy: A Bad Case of Predatory Capitalism. London: UCL Press Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, Caroline 1999 Russian Protection Rackets and the Appropriation of Law and Order. In States and Illegal Practices. Josiah McC. Heyman, ed. Pp. 199–232. New York: Berg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humphrey, Caroline and Stephen Hugh-Jones 1992 Barter, Exchange, and Value: An Anthropological Approach. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jowitt, Kenneth 1983 Soviet Neotraditionalism: The Political Corruption of a Leninist Regime. Soviet Studies: A Quarterly Journal on the USSR and Eastern Europe 35 (3): 275–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaminski, Antoni Z. 1996 The New Polish Regime and the Specter of Economic Corruption. Summary of paper to be presented at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Princeton, April 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaminski, Antoni Z. 1997 Corruption under the Post-Communist Transformation: The Case of Poland. Polish Sociological Review 2 (II8): 91–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaminski, Antoni Z. and Joanna Kurczewska 1994 Main Actors of Transformation: The Nomadic Elites. In The General Outlines of Transformation. Eric Allardt and W. Wesolowski, eds. Pp. 132–153. Warszawa: IFIS PAN Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kideckel, David 1982 The Socialist Transformation of Agriculture in a Romanian Commune, 1945–1962. American Ethnologist 9 (2): 320–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kideckel, David 1993 The Solitude of Collectivism: Romanian Villagers to the Revolution and Beyond. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kideckel, David 1994 Us and Them: Concepts of East and West in the East European Transition. In Cultural Dilemmas of Post-Communist Societies. Aldona Jawlowska and Marian Kempny, eds. Pp. 134–144. Warsaw, Poland: IFIS Publishers. Klebnikov, Paul

    Google Scholar 

  • Kideckel, David 2000 Godfather of the Kremlin: Boris Berezovsky and the Looting of Russia. New York: Harcourt, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kornai, Janos 1980 Economics of Shortage. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kryshtanovskaya, Olga 1997 The Real Masters of Russia. In RIA Novosti Argumenty i Fakty No. 21, May. Reprinted in Johnson’s Russia List.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ledeneva, Alena V. 1998 Russia’s Economy of Favours: Blat, Networking and Informal Exchange. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ledeneva, Alena V. 2001 Unwritten Rules: How Russia Really Works. London: Centre for European Reform.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Claros, Augusto and Mikhail M. Zadornov 2002 Economic Reforms: Steady as She Goes. The Washington Quarterly 25 (1): 105–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morzol, Ilona and Michal Ogorek. 1992 Shadow Justice. In The Unplanned Society: Poland During and After Communism. Janine R. Wedel, ed. Pp. 62–77. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, Lynn D. and Irina Y. Kuzes 1994 Property to the People: The Struggle for Radical Economic Reform in Russia. Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, Lynn D. and Irina Y. Kuzes 1995 Radical Reform in Yeltsin’s Russia: Political, Economic, and Social Dimensions. Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Podgorecki, Adam 1987 Polish Society: A Sociological Analysis. Praxis 7 (1): 57–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • PREM, Washington, D.C.: The World Bank. 1997 Helping Countries Combat Corruption: The Role of the World Bank. The World Bank: Poverty Reduction and Economic Management.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rawlinson, Paddy 1998 Reflections of Russian Organized Crime: Mafia, Media, and Myth. Paper presented at the 97th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Philadelphia, December 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ries, Nancy 1998 The Many Faces of the Mob: Mafia as Symbol in Postsocialist Russia. Paper presented at the 97th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Philadelphia, December 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sampson, Steven 1986 The Informal Sector in Eastern Europe. Telos 66 (winter): 44–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, Jane and Peter Schneider 1994 Mafia, Antimafia, and Question of Sicilian Culture. Politics and Society 22 (2): 237–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sik, Endre and Barry Wellman 1999 Network Capital in Capitalist, Communist, and Post-communist Countries. In Networks in the Global Village: Life in Contemporary Communities. Barry Wellman, ed. Pp. 225–277. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stark, David 1996 Recombinant Property in East European Capitalism. American Journal of Sociology 101 (4): 993–1027.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stark, David and Laszlo Bruszt 1998 Postsocialist Pathways: Transforming Politics and Property in East Central Europe. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Varese, Federico 1994 Is Sicily the Future or Russia? Private Protection and the Rise of the Russian Mafia. Archives Europeennes de Sociologie 35 (2): 224–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verdery, Katherine 1991 Theorizing Socialism: A Prologue to the “Transition.” American Ethnologist 18 (3): 419–439.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verdery, Katherine 1996 What Was Socialism, And What Comes Next? Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wedel, Janine R. 1986 The Private Poland: An Anthropologist’s Look at Everyday Life. New York: Facts on File.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wedel, Janine R., ed. 1992 The Unplanned Society: Poland During and After Communism. Columbia: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wedel, Janine R., ed. 200la Collision and Collusion: The Strange Case of Western Aid to Eastern Europe. New York: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wedel, Janine R., ed. 2001b “State” and “Private:” Up Against the Organizational Realities of Central and Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Paper prepared for the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research and the National Institute of Justice, Washington, December.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitmore, Brian 2000 Might Makes Right. Transitions Online, October 2. Reprinted in Johnson’s Russia List #4555, Oct. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willerton, John P. 1992 Patronage and Politics in the USSR. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittfogel, Karl A. 1981 Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of Total Power. New York: Vintage Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yurchak, Alexei 1998 Mafia, the State, and the New Russian Business. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, Philadelphia, December 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yurchak, Alexei 2002 “Entrepreneurial Governmentality in Postsocialist Russia,” In The New Entrepreneurs of Europe and Asia. Victoria Bonnell and Thomas Gold, eds. Pp. 278–317. Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2003 Philip C. Parnell and Stephanie C. Kane

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wedel, J.R. (2003). Mafia Without Malfeasance, Clans Without Crime. In: Parnell, P.C., Kane, S.C. (eds) Crime’s Power. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403980595_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics