Abstract
The end of the Cold War and the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe gave hope for a new era of peace and prosperity. The opposite occurred in Yugoslavia, which disintegrated in the wake of a bitter civil war between its subject nationalities. The conflict bewildered most international leaders, who had labored under the assumption that the nationalities of Yugoslavia had achieved a level of integration under communist President Josip Broz Tito, who ruled the country from 1945 to 1980. But the rapid escalation of the war and the well-publicized atrocities that accompanied the struggle made it quite clear that integration had been superficial at best.
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Notes
Serb and Croat claims concerning the number of deaths at the camp vary wildly. Serbs claim that one million died there, whereas Franjo Tudjman, who was a historian before he became president of Croatia, claimed that 70,000 died. The Serb claim is incorrect as a total of 1.4 million Yugoslavs died in World War II altogether, and Tudjman’s numbers represent an underestimation of casualties in any case. Carole Rogel, The Breakup of Yugoslavia and the War in Bosnia, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1998, p. 48.
John R. Lampe, Yugoslavia as History. Twice there was a Country, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 352.
Dusko Doder and Louise Branson, Milosevic, Portrait of a Tyrant, New York: Free Press, 1999, p. 75.
Ian Jeffries, The Former Yugoslavia at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century, London: Routledge Press, 2002, p. 238.
Christopher Bennett, Yugoslavia’s Bloody Collapse. Causes, Course and Consequences, New York: New York University Press, 1995, p. 172.
James Gow, Triumph of the Lack of Will. International Diplomacy and the Yugoslav War, New York: Columbia University Press, 1997, p. 287.
Cited in Leslie Derfler and Patricia Kollander, eds., An Age of Conflict: Readings in Twentieth Century European History, San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers, 2001, p. 371.
Bogdan Denitch, Ethnic Nationalism. The Tragic Death of Yugoslavia, Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 1994, p. 123.
Tim Judah, The Serbs. History, Myth and the Destruction of Yugoslavia, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.
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© 2004 Jeffrey S. Morton
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Kollander, P. (2004). The Civil War in Former Yugoslavia and the International Intervention. In: Morton, J.S., Nation, R.C., Forage, P., Bianchini, S. (eds) Reflections on the Balkan Wars: Ten Years After the Break Up of Yugoslavia. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403980205_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403980205_1
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