Abstract
As. sit down to write this chapter, one of my friends who struggled with addiction has just died. He was, like many who considered themselves addicts,. man of many faces. In our conversations he was self-deprecating and funny, but expressed. deep fear of rejection. Every comment or suggestion was qualified with as many as. dozen iterations of phrases such as “this is just my opinion,” “I don’t speak for everyone,” “everyone is different, of course.” And yet when his obituary was publicized, it revealed things that most of his friends didn’t know, including that he was. highly educated, highly successful professional in at least two or three very diverse fields. He had not used alcohol for over. decade. Unlike the addicts that Gabor Maté profiles so sensitively in his In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts. many of the people whom. have met in the groups that. have visited are doctors, lawyers, professors, chemists, judges, actors, and artists, respected in their public lives, reserving their addiction for only those very dark corners of their private lives. Most think that they have no friends, while they are surrounded by supporters and admirers, and although many have underlying social anxiety issues, they are often charming and influential among those with whom they interact. All this is to say that when you think you have. handle on addiction and addicts, you probably don’t.
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Notes
Susan Cheever, My Name Is Wilson: His Life and the Creation of Alcoholics Anonymous (New York: Washington Square Press, 2005).
Owen Flanagan, “Phenomenal Authority: The Epistemic Authority of Alcoholics Anonymous,” Addiction and Self-Control: Perspectives from Philosophy, Psychology, and Neuroscience. ed. Neil Levy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 67–93
Rachael R. Hammer, Molly J. Dingel, Jenny E. Ostergren, Katherine E. Nowakowski, and Barbara. Koenig, “The Experience of Addiction as Told by the Addicted: Incorporating Biological Understandings into Self-Story,” Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 36, no.4 (2012): 712–734.
Lance Dodes, “Psychodynamic Practice: Individuals, Groups and Organisations,” Psychodynamic Practice: Individuals, Groups and Organizations. Special Issue: The Psychodynamics of Substance Abuse 15, no.4 (2009): 381–393.
Caroline Knapp, Drinking: Love Story (New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, 1996), 4.
Jeanette Kennett, “Just Say No? Addiction and the Elements of Self-Control,” in Addiction and Self-Control: Perspectives from Philosophy, Psychology, and Neuroscience. ed. Neil Levey (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), 144–164.
Gabor Maté, In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 2010), 64–74.
Allison Moore, Shards: Young Vice Cop Investigates Her Darkest Case of Meth Addiction – Her Own (New York: Touchstone, 2014), 23.
Kristen Johnston, Guts: The Endless Follies and Tiny Triumphs of Giant Disaster (New York: Gallery Books, 2012), 49.
E. J. Khantzian, “The Self-Medication Hypothesis of Addictive Disorders: Focus on Heroin and Cocaine Dependence,” American Journal of Psychiatry 142 (1985): 1259–1264.
Also see E. J. Khantzian, “Psychological (Structural) Vulnerabilities and the Specific Appeal of Narcotics”, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 398 (1982): 24–32.
E. J. Khantzian, K. S. Halliday, and W. E. McAuliffe, Addiction and the Vulnerable Self: Modified Dynamic Group Therapy for Substance Abuser (New York: Guilford, 1990). See also Khanztian (1985) and Khantzian (1982).
J. J. Suh, S. Ruffins, C. E. Robins, M. J. Albanese, and E. J. Khantzian, “Self-Medication Hypothesis: Connecting Affective Experience and Drug Choice,” Psychoanalytic Psychology 25, no.3 (2008): 518–532.
Also see D. M. Eschbaugh, D. J. Josi, C. N. Hoyt, and M. A. Murphy, “Some Personality Patterns and Dimensions of Male Alcoholics: Multivariate Description, “ A Clinician’s Guide to the Personality Profiles of Alcohol and Drug Abusers: Typological Descriptions Using the MMPI. ed. D. J. Tosi, D. M. Eshbaugh, and M. A. Murphy (Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1993), 17–30. See also C. Wells, D. J. Tosi, D. M. Eshbaugh and M. A. Murphy, “Comparison and Discrimination of Male and Female Alcoholic and Substance Abusers,” 73–73 in that volume.
Kyle Keegan, “Chasing the High” (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 8.
Dan Waldorf, Craig Reinarman, and Sheigla Murphy, Cocaine Changes: The Experience of Using and Quitting (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991), 191.
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© 2016 Candice L. Shelby
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Shelby, C.L. (2016). Phenomenology and Its Implications. In: Addiction. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137552853_7
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