Abstract
This chapter is meant to serve as background to the printed book dedications directed to Queen Mary I. It will first examine the printed dedications given to Lady Margaret Beaufort. Next, I will explicate the printed dedications given to the six consorts of Henry VIII, the subject matter of those dedicated books, and the influence of royal printers on book dedications. The late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries (the period in which these royal ladies lived) saw a transition from manuscripts to printed books, and with this change in media came change in book dedications and their uses. The dedications discussed in this chapter demonstrate the commercial potential of printed book dedications, particularly in the new market of print. Yet, this chapter also suggests that once commercial success was determined, dedicators were able to use printed dedications to appeal for patronage.
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Notes
A. S. G. Edwards and Carol M. Meale, “The Marketing of Printed Books in Late Medieval England,” The Library, VI (1993), 115.
See M. J. C. Lowry, “Caxton, St Winifred, and the Lady Margaret Beaufort,” The Library, 6th Series 5 (1983), 101–117;
William E. A. Axon, “The Lady Margaret Beaufort as a Lover of Literature,” The Library, 2nd Series 9 (1907), 34–41;
A. S. Bailey, “A Royal Patroness of Learning: Margaret Beaufort, Mother of Henry VII, of England,” American Catholic Quarterly Review 19 (1917), 612–645;
Susan Powell, “Lady Margaret Beaufort and Her Books,” The Library 6 (1998), 197–240.
Catherine Nall, “Margaret Beaufort’s Books: A New Discovery,” Journal of the Early Book Society 16 (2013), 213–220.
Mary C. Erler, Women, Reading, and Piety in Late Medieval England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), 133.
John Gerson, Imitatio Christi, trans. William Atkinson (London: Richard Pynson, 1504). STC 23995.
John Gerson, Blanchardyn and Eglantine (Westminster: William Caxton, 1490). STC 3124;
John Gerson, Hereford Breviary (Rouen: Inghelbert Hague, 1505). STC 15793;
John Fisher, Treatise Concernynge the Fruytfull Saynges of Dauyd the Kynge (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1508). STC 10902.
Susan Powell, “Lady Margaret Beaufort and Her Books,” The Library 6 (1998), 198–199.
Susan Powell, “Lady Margaret Beaufort: ‘Of Singuler Wysedome Ferre Passynge the Comyn Rate of Women,’” in The Brown Book: A Commemorative Edition for the 500th Anniversary of the Death of Lady Margaret Beaufort (Oxford: Lady Margaret Hall, 2009), 7 and 10.
Krug, Reading Families: Women’s Literate Practice in Late Medieval England (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002), 122.
See Yu-Chiao Wang, “Caxton’s Romances and Their Early Tudor Readers,” Huntington Library Quarterly, 67, No. 2 (2004), 173–188.
See Brenda M. Hosington, “Lady Margaret Beaufort’s Translations as Mirrors of Practical Piety,” in English Women, Religion, and Textual Production, 1500–1625, ed. Micheline, White (Surrey: Ashgate, 2011), 185–203.
Joseph Ames, Typographical Antiquities or the History of Printing in England, Scotland, and Ireland, Ed. Thomas Frognall Dibdin (1810–1819).
Joseph Ames, Caxton’s Blanchardyn and Eglantine, c. 1489, From Lord Spencer’s Unique Imperfect Copy, Completed by the Original French and the Second English Version of 1595, ed. Leon Kellner (London: Oxford University Press, 1890), cxxiii.
W. J. B. Crotch, The Prologues and Epilogues of William Caxton (London: Early English Text Society, 1928), 104–105. The dedication is not included on EEBO.
Walter Howard Frere, ed., The Hereford Breviary Edited from the Rouen Edition of 1505 with Collation of Manuscripts, Vol. 1 (London: Henry Bradshaw Society 1904), ix. STC 15793.
Walter Howard Frere, ed., Sarum Breviary (London: Richard Pynson, 1507).
C. H. Cooper, Memoir of Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby (Cambridge: Deighton Bell and Co., 1874), 122, n. 3.
John Fisher, Treatise Concernynge the Fruytfull Saynges of Dauyd the Kynge (London: Wynkynde Worde, 1508),
Brant Sebastian, The Shyppe of Fooles (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509).
Brant Sebastian, The p[ar]lyament of deuylles (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509). STC 19305;
Brant Sebastian, Nychodemus gospel (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509). STC 18566;
Stephen Hawes, The Conuersyon of Swearers (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509). STC 12943;
Stephen Hawes, Longe Paruula (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509). STC 23164.
Stephen Hawes, Here begyneth ye lyf of Saynt Ursula after ye cronycles of englonde (London: Wynkyn de Worde, 1509),
Stephen Hawes, O Jhesu endless swetnes of louying soules (Westminster: William Caxton, 1491). STC 20195.
See Kathleen L. Scott, Later Gothic Manuscripts 1390–1490, 2 vols. (London: Harvey Miller, 1996). See also Janet Backhouse, “Illuminated Manuscripts.”
Walter Hilton, Scala Perfectionis (Westminster: Wynkyn de Worde, 1494). STC 14042.
George R. Keiser, “The Mystics and the Early Printers: The Economics of Devotionalism,” in The Medieval Mystical Tradition in England, Exeter Symposium IV, Papers Read at Dartington Hall, July 1987, ed. Marion Glasscoe (Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 1987), 9–26.
Reprinted in E. M. G. Routh, A Memoir of Lady Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond & Derby, Mother of Henry VII (London: Oxford University Press, 1924), 109.
P. J. Croft, Lady Margaret, Elizabeth of York, and Wynkyn de Worde (London: Bernard Quaritch Ltd., 1958).
See also Michael G. Sargent, “Walter Hilton’s ‘Scale of Perfection’: The London Manuscript Group Reconsidered,” Medium Aevum 52 (1983), 189–216, 207–208.
See Eamon Duffy, Marking the Hours: English People and Their Prayers 1240–1570 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011), 51–52 and 144.
Arlene Naylor Okerlund, Elizabeth of York (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009);
Amy Licence, Elizabeth of York: The Forgotten Tudor Queen (Gloucestershire: Amberly, 2013);
Alison Weir, Elizabeth of York: A Tudor Queen and Her World (New York: Ballantine Books, 2013).
see G. W. Bernard, The King’s Reformation: Henry VIII and the Remaking of the English Church (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005);
W. Bernard, “Anne Boleyn’s Religion,” The Historical Journal 36 (1993), 1–20.
Maria Dowling, Humanism in the Age of Henry VIII (Kent: Croom Helm Ltd., 1986), 219, 223–235.
James McConica, English Humanists and Reformation Politics under Henry VIII and Edward VI (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965).
E. W. Ives, The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn: “The Most Happy” (Oxford: Blackwell, 2004), 284.
E. W. Ives, Bible. Trans. by Miles Coverdale (Cologne: E. Cervicornus and J. Soter, 1535), ii.r. STC 2063.
Juan Luis Vives, The Instruction of Christen Woman (London: Thmas Berthelet, 1529). STC 24857.
Juan Luis Vives, The Instruction of a Christen Woman, ed. Virginia Walcott Beauchamp, Elizabeth H. Hageman, and Margaret Mikesell (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2002), vi.
Juan Luis Vives, Introductio ad Sapientiam, Satellitium sive Symbola, Epistolae duae de Ratione Studii Puerilis (Louvain: Peter Martens 1524).
Anna Whitelock, Mary Tudor: Princess, Bastard, Queen (New York: Random House, 2009), 23.
Erasmus. Institution of Christian Marriage, Trans. Michael Heath, in Josh O’Malley and Louis Perraud, eds., Collected Works of Erasmus: Spiritualia and Pastoralia (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999), 203–438.
Eucharius Roselin, The Byrth of Mankynde, Newly Translated Out of Laten into Englysshe (London: Thomas Raynald, 1540). STC 21153.
Alphonsus de Villa Sancta, Problema indulgentiarum quo Lutheri errata dissoluuntur, et theologoru[m] de eisde opinio hactenus apud eruditos uulgata astruitur (London: Richard Pynson, 1523).
See James Carley, The Libraries of King Henry VIII (London: The British Library, 2000), xxix–xxx.
Franz Lambert, The summe of christianitie gatheryd out almoste of al placis of scripture, by that noble and famouse clerke Francis Lambert of Auynyon. And translatyd, and put in to prynte in Englyshe, by Tristram Reuel (London: Robert Redman, 1536). STC 15179.
Maria Dowling’s article “Anne Boleyn as Patron,” in Henry VIII: A European Court in England, Ed. David Starkey (London: Collins and Brown, 1991), 111, Dowling argues that Anne denied the dedication because her situation was precarious at the beginning of 1536.
Anthony Cope, A godly meditacion vpon. xx. select and chosen Psalmes of the prophet David as wel necessary to al them that are desirous to haue ye darke wordes of the prophet declared and made playn: as also fruitfull to suche as delyte in the contemplatio[n] of the spiritual meanyng of them (London: For John Daye, 1547). STC 5717.
Erasmus, The first tome or volume of the paraphrase of Erasmus upon the newe testament (London: Edward Whitechurch, 1548). STC 2854.
James Carley, The Books of King Henry VIII and His Wives (London: The British Library, 2004), 140.
John Taylor, The needles excellency a new booke wherin are diuers admirable works wrought with the needle. Newly inuented and cut in copper for the pleasure and profit of the industrious (London: Printed for James Boler and sold at the sign of the Marigold in Paul’s Churchyard, 1634). STC 23776.
John Constable, Ioannis Constablii Londinensis et artium professoris epigrammata (London: Richard Pynson, 1520). STC 5639.
Gilbert Nicolai, Tractatus de tribus ordinibus beatissime virginis dei genitricis Marie (London: Richard Pynson?, 1515).
See Dennis E. Rhodes, “Don Fernando Colon and His London Book Purchaes, June 1522,” in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 52 (1958), 240.
Plutarch, Quyete of Mynde, Trans. Thomas Wyatt (London: Richard Pynson, 1528), a.iir. STC 20058.5.
Patricia Thompson, “Sir Thomas Wyatt: Classical Philosophy and English Humanism,” Huntington Library Quarterly, 25, No. 2 (February 1962), 79–96, 85.
Greg Walker, Writing under Tyranny: English Literature and the Henrician Reformation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), 124.
William St. Clair and Irmgard Maassen, eds., Conduct Literature for Women, 1500–1640, Vol. 2 (London: Pickering and Chatto, 2000), 201.
Foster Watson, ed., Vives and the Renascence Education of Women (New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1912), 211–212.
Sir Thomas Elyot, Defence of Good Women, Ed. Edwin Johnston Howard Sir Thomas Elyot’s the Defence of Good Women (Oxford, OH: Anchor Press, 1940), 3.
Stanford Lehmberg, Sir Thomas Elyot: Tudor Humanist (New York: Greenwood Press, 1960).
Greg Walker, Persuasive Fictions: Faction, Faith and Political Culture in the Reign of Henry VIII (Aldershot: Scolar Press, 1996), 181.
Sir Thomas Elyot’s “Defense of Good Women,” in Rewriting the Renaissance: The Discourses of Sexual Difference in Early Modern Europe, Ed. Margaret Ferguson, Maureen Quilligan, and Nancy Vickers (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), 242–258.
Sir Thomas Elyot’s Privy Purse Expenses of the Princess Mary, Daughter of King Henry VIII, afterwards Queen Mary, ed. Frederic Madden (London: W. Pickering: 1831), 82.
J. Christopher Warner, Henry VIII’s Divorce: Literature and the Politics of the Printing Press (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1998), 3.
E. Gordon Duff, A Century of the English Book Trade (London: The Bibliographical Society, 1905), 44.
Arthur W. Reed, “The Regulation of the Book Trade Before the Proclamation of 1538,” Transactions of the Bibliographical Society, XV (1920), 158–159.
Cyndia Susan Clegg, Press Censorship in Elizabethan England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 26–27.
Paul L. Hughes and James F. Larkin, Tudor Royal Proclamations, Vol. 11 (New Haven: Yake University Press, 1969), 4, 5, 41.
David Loades, Mary Tudor: A Life (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989), revised 1992, 243.
See Valerie Schutte, “‘To the Illustrious Queen’: Katherine of Aragon and Early Modern Book Dedications,” in Women during the English Reformations: Renegotiating Gender and Religious Identity, ed. Julie A. Chappell and Kaley A. Kramer (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), 14–28.
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© 2015 Valerie Schutte
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Schutte, V. (2015). Lady Margaret Beaufort and the Wives of Henry VIII. In: Mary I and the Art of Book Dedications. Queenship and Power. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137541284_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137541284_2
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