Abstract
Armed with the “Texas Miracle” and Rod Paige at his side, George W. Bush began his presidency ready to tackle the reauthorization of ESEA and demonstrate to the country that the education reform policies that had worked so miraculously in his home state could work equally well for the rest of America. For George W. Bush, education was “the great civil rights issue of our time.”1 Bush was able to garner enough bipartisan support for his education reform ideas to implement the most far-reaching federal education policies since the creation of the DOE 20 years earlier. According to Jonathan Parker, Bush’s positioning of education reform as a civil rights issue began during his presidential campaign as a way to “create a wedge to attract support from Democrats” and garner support from civil rights groups who welcomed his attacks on those who were guilty of the “bigotry of low expectations.”2
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Notes
Jonathan Parker. “No Child Left Behind: The Politics and Policy of Education Reform.” In Assessing the George W. Bush Presidency: A Tale of Two Terms, Andrew Wroe and Jon Herbert eds. (Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 2009), 185.
Peter Edelman. Searching for America’s Heart: RFK and the Renewal of Hope. (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001), 51–54.
See Peter Edelman. So Rich, So Poor: Why It’s So Hard to End Poverty in America. (New York: The New Press, 2012).
Maris A. Vinovskis. From a Nation at Risk to No Child Left Behind: National Education Goals and the Creation of Federal Education Policy. (New York: Teachers College Press, 2009), 168.
Rod Paige. The War against Hope: How Teachers’ Unions Hurt Children, Hinder Teachers, and Endanger Public Education (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 2006).
Nancy E. Bailey. Misguided Education Reform: Debating the Impact on Students (Lanham, Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2013), 60.
Rudolf Flesch. Why Johnny Can’t Read and What You Can Do About It (New York: Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., 1955).
Jeanne S. Chall. Learning to Read: The Great Debate, 3rd ed. (Belmont CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1995).
Richard C. Anderson, Elfrieda H. Hiebert, Judith A. Scott, and Ian A. G. Wilkinson. Becoming a Nation of Readers: The Report of the Commission on Reading (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois, 1985).
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (2000). Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching Children to Read: An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and Its Implications for Reading Instruction (NIH Publication No. 00–4769). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
National Research Council. Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children. (Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1998).
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© 2015 Deborah Duncan Owens
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Owens, D.D. (2015). NCLB and the Texas Tall Tale. In: The Origins of the Common Core. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137482686_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137482686_6
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