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Case Studies: Testing the Formidable Barrier Model of Robust Peacekeeping Success

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UN Robust Peacekeeping

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Abstract

The quantitative analyses presented in Chapter 5 indicate results contrary to our expectation in terms of the impact of certain salient constituent elements of robust peacekeeping such as robust rules of engagement and major power participation on lowering civilian killings. Robust peacekeeping per se may not be enough to stave off deliberate civilian killings and could be limited by certain operational and structural constraints. The effectiveness of Robust peacekeeping could be hampered by late deployment, major power neorealist interests in conflict, external parties or states interventions or involvement in conflict, vastness of the host country, the number of borders, arms shipment and the number, the willingness to fight and the cost-tolerance levels of the spoilers as well as the mission force. A unique finding is that a large military force reduces intentional civilian killings in civil conflicts while the other core factors theoretically associated with effectiveness of robust peacekeeping have intangible effect. I also find that identity conflicts, lower levels of democracy in the target state, a more culturally diverse mission force, and a mission force similar in culture with the host state correspond to increased intentional civilian killings. Yet due to various problems such as coding and measurement decisions and the temporal order of variables, statistical analysis alone may not be able to capture the true impacts of such factors. A more detailed study of individual cases would help establish the actual factors that impacted civilian killings. A closer look at individual cases therefore serves to inform the author as well as the reader of other potential significant factors impacting on civilian killings.

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Notes

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© 2014 Kofi Nsia-Pepra

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Nsia-Pepra, K. (2014). Case Studies: Testing the Formidable Barrier Model of Robust Peacekeeping Success. In: UN Robust Peacekeeping. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137463135_6

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