Abstract
Communities’ informal care and welfare systems (CICWS) are those systems in which individuals, families, and communities come together, without any formal requirements and without any professional intervention, to meet felt or expressed needs and/or to resolve issues in a self-reliant and sustainable manner. These systems appear to operate spontaneously, with a set pattern and with or without mutual expectations and support on an ongoing basis. They are mostly based on trust, human relationship, self-help group ideology, and an element of selflessness (Pawar, 2004). Activities, programs, and projects undertaken to address any common issue or need at the village or community level is considered (in a narrow sense) as local-level social development. This chapter will explore the potential use of CICWS for local-level social development.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Arber. S., and Ginn. J., 1990. “The Meaning of Informal Care: Gender and the Contribution of Elderly People,” Ageing ami Society 10(4): 429–54.
Bridger, J. C., and Luloff, A. E. 2001, “Building the Sustainable Community: Is Social Capital the Answer?3” Sociological Inquiry 71(4): 458.
Collins, J, 1991. “Power and Local Community Activity.” Journal of Ageing Studies 5(2): 209–18.
Cook, C. C. 1985. “Social Analysis in Rural Road Projects.” In M. Ai. Cernea (ed.), Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development (New York: Oxford): 297–321.
Communities’ Informal Care and Welfare Systems. 2002, CSU website. http://www.csu.cdu.au/facuity/arts/liumss/community/htmI/index.html (accessed August 1, 2003).
Directorate of Economics and Statistics. 1990–91. District Statistics Plana Book (Sundargarh District, Government of Orissa, Bhubaneswar).
Directorate of Economics and Statistics 2001, Districts at a Glance (Government of Orissa, Bhubaneswar).
Eheart, B. EL, and Power, M., B., 2000, “Hope for the Children: Creating a Community of for Foster Children.” In M. H. Meyer (ed.), Gare Work: Gender, Class and the Welfare State (New York: Routledge): 293–302.
Esman, M. J., and Uphoff, N. T. 1984. Local Organisations: Intermediaries in Rural Development. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Ezzell, C. E., Swenson, C., C., and Brondino, M. J. 2000. “The Relationship of Social Support to Physically Abused Children’s Adjustment.” Child Abuse Neglect 24: 641–49.
Hancock L., 2002. “The Care Crunch: Changing Work, Families and Welfare in Australia.” Critical Social Policy 22(1): 119–40.
Heenan, D., 2000. “Expectations and Attitudes.Affecting Patterns of Informal Care in Farming Families in Northern Ireland.” Ageing and, Society 2 0(2): 203–16.
Hirst, M. 2001. “Trends in Informal Care in Great Britain during the 1990s.’” Health and Social Care in the Community 9(6): 348–57.
Ho, B., Friedland, J, and Rappolt, S. 2003. “Caregiving for Relatives with Alzheimer’s Disease: Feelings of Chinese-Canadian Women.” Journal of Ageing Studies 17(3): 301.
Hughes, R., Good, E. S., and Candell, K. 1993. “A Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Social Support on the Psychological Adjustment of Divorced Mothers.” Journal of Divorce and Remarriage 19(1 and 2): 37–56.
Jones, L. P. 1991. “Unemployment: The Effect on Social Networks, Depression, and Reemployment Organisations,” Journal of Social Service Research 15(1 and 2): 1–22.
Kottak, G P. 1985. “When People Don’t Come First: Some Sociological Lessons from Completed Projects.’” In M. M. Jernea (ed.), Putting People First: Sociological Variables in Rural Development (New York: Oxford): 325–356.
Kunz, J., and Kunz, P. R 1995. “Social Support during the Processes of Divorce: It Does Make a Difference.” Journal of Divorce and Remarriage 24 (3 and 4): 111–19.
Ladewig, B. H., McGee, G. W., and Newell, W. 1990. “Life Strains and Depressive Affect among Women: Moderating Effects of Social Support.’” journal of’Family Issues11(1): 36–47.
Lewinter, M. 2003. “Reciprocities in Caregiving Relationsliips in Danish Elder Care.” Journal of Ageing Studies 17(3): 357.
London, A. S., LeBlanc, A. J., and Aneshensel, C. S. 1988. “The Integration of Informal Care, Case Management and Community Based Services for Persons with HIV/AIDS.” AIDS Care 10(4): 451–503.
Molinas, J. R. 1998, “The Impact of Inequality, Gender, External Assistance and Social Capital on Local-Level Cooperation.” World Development 26(3): 413.
Muller, R T., Goebel-Fabbri, A. E., Diamond, T., and Dinklage, D. 2000. “Social Support and Relationship between Family and Community Violence Exposure and Psychopathology among High Risk Adolescents.” Child Abuse, Neglect 24:449–64.
Novak, M. W. 1997, Ageing and, Society: A Canadian Perspective. Third ed. Toronto: ITP Nelson.
Offer, J., 1999a. “Spencer’s Future of Welfare: A Vision Eclipsed.” Sociological Review 47(1): 136–62.
Offer, J., 1999b. “Idealist Thought, Social Policy and the Rediscovery of Informal Care.” British Journal of Sociology 50(3): 467–88.
Pawar, M. 3004. “Community Informal Care and Welfare Systems in Asia-Pacific Countries Phase 1: Lessons from the Process and Evaluation.” International Social Work 47(4): 439–53.
Pawar, M. S. 2003. “Resurrection of Traditional Communities in Postmodern Societies.” Futures 35:253–65.
Pawar, M., S. 2004, Data-Collecting Methods and Experiences: A Quids for Social Researchers. Chicago: New Dawn Press.
Pawar, M. S., and Cox, D. 2002. Community Informal Care and Welfare Systems: A Training Manual. Melbourne: Vista Publications.
Pilkington, P. 2002. “Social Capital and Health: Measuring and Understanding Social Capital at a Local Level Could Help to Tackle Health Inequalities More Effectively” Journal of Public Health Medicine 24(3): 1–56.
Saluja, T., Kofch, J., and Lee, L. 2003, “Effects of Child abuse and Neglect: Docs Social Capital Really Matter?” Archives of Pediatrics and, Adolescent Medicine 157(7): 681.
Schimk, M., V. 1998. “Responses to the Mixed Economy of Care: Informal Care Policies Compared.” International Sociological Association.
Sharp, J. S., Agnitsch, K., Ryan, V., and Flora, J. 2002. “Social Infrastructure and Community Economic Development Strategies: The Case of Self Development and Industrial Recruitment in Rural Iowa.” Journal of Rural Studies 18(4): 405.
Specht, H. 1986, “Social Support, Social Networks, Social Exchange, and Social Practice.” Social Service Review 60(2): 218–40.
Stewart, D. W., and Shamdasani, P. N. 1990. Focus Groups: Theory and Practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Tausing, M., O’Brien, D. J., and Subedi, S. 1992. “Caregiver Network Struc ture and Access to Informal Support for the Menially III.” Research in Community and, Mental Health 7:177–99.
Tennstedt, S. L., Crawford, S. L., and McKinlay, J. B. 1993. “Is Family Care on the Decline? A Longitudinal Investigation of the Substitution of Formal Long Term Care Services for Informal Care.” Milbank Quarterly 71(4): 601–24.
Tolbert, C. M., Lyson, T. A., and Irwin, M. D. 1998. “Local Capitalism, Civic Engagement, and Socio-economic Well-Being.” Social Forces 77(2): 401–27.
Vcron, R. 2001. “The “New” Kerala Model: Lessons for Sustainable Development.” World Development 29(4):601.
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2015 Brij Mohan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pawar, M., Jojo, B. (2015). Indigenous Communities’ Informal Care and Welfare Systems for Local-Level Social Development in India. In: Mohan, B. (eds) Global Frontiers of Social Development in Theory and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137460714_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137460714_10
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-68985-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-46071-4
eBook Packages: Palgrave Intern. Relations & Development CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)