Abstract
It is generally assumed that educational planning should be done while keeping in mind the ‘formal system’. While there is no universal definition of what a formal system of education is, there are sets of requirements that are considered necessary for any educational process. Among these are:
-
1.
There must be an ‘educational institution’.
-
2.
There must be teachers and/or learning materials.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cole, M. (1990). ‘Cognitive development and schooling’, in I. C. Moll (Ed.), Vygotsky and Education. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Daiute, C. (1989). ‘Play as thought: thinking strategies of young writers’, Harvard Educational Review, 59(1), 1–23.
Dangwal, R. and Kapur, P. (2008). ‘Children’s learning processes using unsuper-vised ‘hole in the wall’ computers in shared public spaces’, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 24(3), 339–354.
Dangwal, R. and Kapur, P. (2009a). ‘Social networking effect at ‘HiWEL’ kiosks amongst children’, Multicultural Education & Technology Journal, 3(4), 290–305.
Dangwal, R. and Kapur, P. (2009b). ‘Learning through teaching: peer-mediated instruction in minimally invasive education’, British Journal of Educational Technology, 40(1), 5–22.
Dangwal, R. and Thounaojam, M. (2011). ‘Self regulatory behaviour and minimally invasive (mie) education: a case study in the Indian context’, International Journal of Education and Development using ICT, 7(1), 120–140.
Depew, D. and Weber, B. (1999). The MIT encyclopedia of cognitive sciences. Cambridge, USA: MIT Press.
Finn, C. E. (1991). We Must Take Charge: Our Schools and Our Future. New York: The Free Press.
Forman, E. A. and Cazden, C. B. (1986). ‘Exploring Vygotskian perspectives in education: the cognitive value of peer interaction’, in J. V. Wertsch (Ed.), Culture, communication, and cognition: Vygotskian perspectives. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Forman, G. and Pufall, P. B. (1988). Constructivism in the Computer Age. Hillsdale, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Garvey, C. (1977). Play. Cambridge, USA: Harvard University Press.
Holt, J. (1982). Learning all the Time. Cambridge, USA: Holt Associates.
Inamdar, P. and Kulkarni, A. (2007). ‘“Hole-In-The-Wall” computer kiosks foster mathematics achievement — a comparative study’, Educational Technology & Society, 10(2), 170–179.
Inamdar, P. (2004). ‘Computer skills development by children using ‘Hole in the Wall’ facilities in rural India’, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology 2004, 20(3), 337–350.
Kauffman, D. L. (1976). Teaching the Future: A Guide to Future Oriented Education. Palm Springs, USA: ETC Publications.
Mitra, S. (1988). A computer assisted learning strategy for computer literacy programmes. Presented at the Annual Convention of the All-India Association for Educational Technology, December 1988, Goa, India.
Mitra, S. (2000). Minimally Invasive Education For Mass Computer Literac y. Presented at the CRIDALA 2000 conference, 21–25 June 2000, Hong Kong.
Mitra, S., Dangwal, R., Chatterjee, S., Jha, S., Bisht, R. S. and Kapur, P. (2005). ‘Acquisition of computer literacy on shared public computers: children and the “hole in the wall”’, Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 21(3), 407–426. www.ascilite.org.au/ajet/ajet21/mitra.html.
Mitra, S. and Pawar, R. S. (1982). Diagnostic Computer-Assisted-Instruction, a methodology for the teaching of computer languages. Sixth Western Educational Computing Conference. San Diego, USA.
Mitra, S. and Rana, V. (2001). ‘Children and the Internet: experiments with minimally invasive education in India’, The British Journal of Educational Technology, 32(2), 221–232.
Mitra, S., Tooley, J., Inamdar, P. and Dixon, P. (2003). ‘Improving English pronunciation — an automated instructional appro ach’, Information Technology and International Development, 1(1), 741–783. http://itidjournal.org/itid/article/viewFile/136/6.
Newman, D., Griffin, P. and Cole, M. (1989). The Construction Zone: Working for Cognitive Change in School. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Nicolopoulou, A. (1993). ‘Play, cognitive development, at the social world: Piaget, Vygotsky, and beyond’, Contributions to Human Development (ISSN), 23, 1–23.
Papert, S. (1980). Mindstorms: Children, computers and powerful ideas. New York: Basic Books Inc.
Piaget, J. (1953). The Origins of Intellect. London: Rouletge & Kegan Paul.
Piaget, J. (1973). To Understand is to Invent. New York: Grossman.
Padmakar, P. and Porter, H. (2001). The Hole in the Wall Machine, Time Magazine, Asian edition, 3 September 2001, 16.
Resnick, L. B. (1989). ‘Developing mathematical knowledge’, American Psychologist, 44, 162–169.
Rubin, K. H., Fein, G. G. and Vandenberg, B. (1983). ‘Play’, in P. H. Mussen (Series Ed.) and E. M. Hetherington (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol 4. Socialization, personality, and social development. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Rysavy, S. D. M. and Sales, G. C. (1991). ‘Cooperative learning in computer-based instruction’, Educational Technology Research and Development, 39, 70–79.
Sutton-Smith, B. (1971). ‘Piaget on play: a critique’, in R. E. Herron and B. Sutton-Smith (Eds), Child’s play. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Tudge, J. (1990). ‘Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development, & peer collaboration: implications for classroom practice’, in L. C. Moll (Ed.), Vygotsky and Education. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Vandenberg, B. (1980). ‘Play, problem solving and creativity’, in K. H. Rubin (Ed.), Children’s play. San Francisco, USA: Jossey-Bass.
Vygotsky, L.S. (1986). Thought and Language. Cambridge, USA: MIT Press.
Wullenweber, Walter, (2001). Das loch in der wand. Stern Magazine, No. 42, 11 October 2001, 97–102.
Zielenziger, M. (1995). Logging on in backwater. San Hose Mercury News, 12 June 1995.
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2015 Sugata Mitra
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mitra, S. (2015). Minimally Invasive Education: Pedagogy for Development in a Connected World. In: Rothermel, P. (eds) International Perspectives on Home Education. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137446855_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137446855_18
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-49611-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-44685-5
eBook Packages: Palgrave Education CollectionEducation (R0)