Skip to main content

The ‘New Right’ and its impact on Conservative social policy

  • Chapter
  • 176 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the development and evolution of the specific ‘New Right’ ideology in its guise as a contemporary and modern variant of Conservative political thought. As a viewpoint with a global context and influence, it aspired to revive the individualistic values of the liberal ‘free-market’ economic environment that prevailed in the mid to late 19th century, while seeking to dismantle the post-1945 welfare settlement. This ‘neo-liberal’ economic outlook subsequently established itself as a distinct influence within the British Conservative Party during its period of political dominance in the 1980s, rejecting much of the party’s paternalistic social policy of the post-war period in the process. In exploring precisely what the beliefs and key principles of this brand of Conservatism are, it is necessary to analyse its origins and assess how it has developed as a political concept within the modern political framework, as well as how it became firmly attached to the policy-making agenda of Margaret Thatcher from 1975 onwards. We will see how the New Right’s ideological thrust influenced the welfare and social policies of the Thatcher government between 1979 and 1990, and how it potentially continues to influence party policy to the present day.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. See Raymond Plant, The Neo-Liberal State, (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality, (I.B Tauris, London, 2011), Ch. 1, pp. 45–6

    Google Scholar 

  3. Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (1962), (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1962), Ch. 12, p. 195

    Google Scholar 

  4. See David C. Green, The New Right: The Counter-Revolution in Political, Economic and Social Thought, (Wheatsheaf Books, Brighton, 1987), Ch. 3

    Google Scholar 

  5. David C. Green, The New Right: The Counter-Revolution in Political, Economic and Social Thought, (Wheatsheaf Books, Brighton, 1987), Ch. 3, p. 74

    Google Scholar 

  6. Shirley Robin Letwin, The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 3, p. 74

    Google Scholar 

  7. Robert M. Page, ‘The Conservative Party and the Welfare State since 1945’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 31

    Google Scholar 

  8. Extract from Excerpt from Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw, (ed.), The Commanding Heights, pp. 92–105 (Simon & Schuster, New York, 1998), http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/pdf/prof_keithjoseph.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  9. See also Keith Joseph and Jonathan Sumption, Equality, (W & J MacKay, Chatham, 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Robert M. Page, ‘The Conservative Party and the Welfare State since 1945’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 31

    Google Scholar 

  11. Alan Sked and Chris Cook, Post War Britain: A Political History (Penguin, London, 4th edn., 1993), Ch. 12, p. 328

    Google Scholar 

  12. Norman Barry, ‘New Right’, cited in Kevin Hickson (ed.), The Political Thought of the Conservative Party since 1945, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 2, p. 34

    Google Scholar 

  13. See Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, (Harper-Collins, London, 1993), Introduction, p. 7

    Google Scholar 

  14. Harold Wilson, Final Term: The Labour Government 1974–1976, (Michael Joseph, London, 1979), Epilogue, p. 241

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shirley Robin Letwin, The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 3, p. 49

    Google Scholar 

  16. C. Collette and K. Laybourn, Modern Britain Since 1979, (I.B. Tauris, London, 2003), Ch. 1, p. 8

    Google Scholar 

  17. Stephen J. Lee, Aspects of British Political History 1914–1995 (Routledge, Oxford, 1996), Ch. 15, p. 229

    Google Scholar 

  18. In 1980 Margaret Thatcher made the following comments about ‘consensus’ politics which appeared to typify her views on this matter: ‘To me consensus appears to be: the process of abandoning all beliefs, principles, values and policies in search of something in which no-one believes.’ Speech at Monash University (6 October, 1981 Sir Robert Menzies Lecture, Melbourne, Australia), cited in Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, (Harper-Collins, London, 1993), Ch. 6, p. 167, see also: Margaret Thatcher Foundation: http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/104712

    Google Scholar 

  19. Shirley Robin Letwin, The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 1, p. 23

    Google Scholar 

  20. At the 1976 Labour Party Conference, Prime Minister James Callaghan said: ‘We used to think that you could spend your way out of recession by cutting taxes and increasing government spending. I tell you in all candour that this option no longer exists’, 28 September 1976, cited in Kevin Hickson, The IMF crisis of 1976 and British Politics, (I.B Tauris, London, 2005) p. 103

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shirley Robin Letwin, The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 5, p. 125

    Google Scholar 

  22. See Kevin Hickson, The IMF crisis of 1976 and British Politics, (I.B Tauris, London, 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  23. See Eric J. Hobsbawm, The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991, (Michael Joseph, London, 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  24. See Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom, (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1962)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Shirley Robin Letwin. The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 1, p. 20

    Google Scholar 

  26. Peter Dorey, British Conservatism: The Politics and Philosophy of Inequality, (I.B Tauris, London, 2011), Ch. 3, p. 134

    Google Scholar 

  27. See Andrew Gamble, The Free Economy and The Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism, (Macmillan, Basingstoke, 1st edn., 1988)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  28. Shirley Robin Letwin. The Anatomy of Thatcherism, (Fontana, London, 1992), Ch. 1, p. 20

    Google Scholar 

  29. Norman Barry, ‘New Right’, cited in Kevin Hickson (ed.), The Political Thought of the Conservative Party since 1945, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 2, p. 28

    Google Scholar 

  30. See Andrew Gamble, The Free Economy and The Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism, (Macmillan, Basingstoke, 1st edn., 1988)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  31. Andrew Gamble, ‘The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism’, (Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 1994), Ch. 2, p. 40

    Book  Google Scholar 

  32. Ian Gilmour, Dancing With Dogma: Britain Under Thatcherism, (Simon & Schuster, London, 1992), Ch. 2, p. 14

    Google Scholar 

  33. Robert M. Page, ‘The Conservative Party and the Welfare State since 1945’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 38

    Google Scholar 

  34. Hugo Young, One of Us, (Pan Macmillan, London, 1989), Ch. 12, p. 239

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ian Gilmour, Dancing With Dogma: Britain Under Thatcherism, (Simon & Schuster, London, 1992), Ch. 3, p. 48

    Google Scholar 

  36. David Willetts, Modern Conservatism, (Penguin, London, 1992), Ch. 4. p. 55

    Google Scholar 

  37. C. Collette and K. Laybourn, Modern Britain Since 1979, (I.B Tauris, London, 2003), Ch. 1, p. 9

    Google Scholar 

  38. Richard Hayton, ‘Conservative Party modernisation and David Cameron’s politics of the family’, Political Quarterly, Volume 81, No.4, (October-December 2010), pp. 494–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Stephen Driver, ‘“Fixing our broken society”: David Cameron’s Post-Thatcherite social policy’, cited in Simon Lee and Matt Beech (eds.), The Conservatives under David Cameron: Built to Last?, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2009), Ch. 6, p. 82

    Google Scholar 

  40. Robert M. Page, ‘The Conservative Party and the Welfare State since 1945’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 35

    Google Scholar 

  41. ‘Labour’s private polls reported that before and during the election around 70 per cent of voters expected to pay more taxes under a Labour government’. Cited in David Butler and Dennis Kavanagh, The British General Election of 1992, (Macmillan Press, Basingstoke, 1992), Ch. 12, p. 268

    Book  Google Scholar 

  42. John Major, The Autobiography, (Harper-Collins, London, 1999), Ch. 14, p. 312

    Google Scholar 

  43. Simon Lee, ‘Convergence, critique and divergence: The development of economic policy under David Cameron’, cited in Simon Lee and Matt Beech (eds.), The Conservatives under David Cameron: Built to Last?, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 5, p. 78

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  44. Dylan Jones, Cameron on Cameron: Conversations with Dylan Jones, (Fourth Estate, London, 2008), p. 288

    Google Scholar 

  45. David Willetts, Modern Conservatism, (Penguin, London, 1992), Ch. 4. p. 51

    Google Scholar 

  46. Dennis Kavanagh and Philip Cowley, The British General Election of 2010, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2010), Ch. 16, p. 351

    Google Scholar 

  47. Michael Ashcroft, Smell the Coffee: A Wakeup Call for the Conservative Party, (Politicos, London, 2005)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Dennis Kavanagh and Philip Cowley, The British General Election of 2010, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2010), Ch. 4, p. 70

    Google Scholar 

  49. Andrew Rawnsley, The End of the Party: The Rise and Fall of New Labour, (Penguin, London, 2010), Ch. 26, p. 451

    Google Scholar 

  50. Rob Baggott, ‘Conservative health policy’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 5, p. 89

    Google Scholar 

  51. Simon Griffiths, ‘Cameron’s Conservatives and the public services’, cited in Simon Lee and Matt Beech (eds.), The Conservatives under David Cameron: Built to Last?, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 7, p. 98

    Google Scholar 

  52. See also Matthew Taylor, ‘Likeability to electability’, Comment is Free, The Guardian, 17 July 2008: ‘Deliberately, boldly and often in the face of sotto voce carping from his own side, Cameron has decontaminated the Tory brand’. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/jul/17/davidcameron.conservatives

    Google Scholar 

  53. Matt Beech, ‘Cameron and Conservative ideology’, cited in Simon Lee and Matt Beech (eds.), The Conservatives under David Cameron: Built to Last?, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 2, p. 21

    Google Scholar 

  54. See Anthony Seldon and Peter Snowdon, ‘The barren years: 1997–2005’, cited in Stuart Ball and Anthony Seldon (eds.), Recovering Power: The Conservatives in Opposition Since 1867, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2005), Ch. 11

    Google Scholar 

  55. Nick Ellison, ‘The Conservative Party and public expenditure’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 59

    Google Scholar 

  56. Andrew Rawnsley, The End of the Party: The Rise and Fall of New Labour, (Penguin, London, 2010), Ch. 35, p. 603

    Google Scholar 

  57. Stephen Driver, ‘“Fixing our broken society”: David Cameron’s Post-Thatcherite Social Policy’, cited in Simon Lee and Matt Beech (eds.), The Conservatives under David Cameron: Built to Last?, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 2009), Ch. 6, p. 95

    Google Scholar 

  58. Paul Pierson, Dismantling the Welfare State: Reagan, Thatcher and the Politics of Retrenchment, (Cambridge University Press, 1994), Introduction, page 1

    Book  Google Scholar 

  59. Andrew Gamble, The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism, (Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2nd edn., 1994), Ch. 1, p. 21

    Book  Google Scholar 

  60. Evidence of this can be seen in Kavanagh and Cowley’s analysis of Cameron’s new approach to policy after 2005: ‘Several internal party studies had demonstrated that many voters still viewed new Conservative policies and statements through the prism of the party’s unattractive brand… (and) that Thatcherism had concentrated too much on economy and wealth creation’. Dennis Kavanagh and Philip Cowley, The British General Election of 2010, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2010), Ch. 4, p. 66–67

    Google Scholar 

  61. Nick Ellison, ‘The Conservative Party and public expenditure’, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), Ch. 2, p. 58

    Google Scholar 

  62. Nick Ellison, cited in Hugh Bochel (ed.), The Conservative Party and Social Policy, (The Policy Press, University of Bristol, 2011), p. 59

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2015 Ben Williams

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Williams, B. (2015). The ‘New Right’ and its impact on Conservative social policy. In: The Evolution Of Conservative Party Social Policy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137445810_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics