Skip to main content

Desalambrando el aire: Communication and Mapuche Struggles in Postcrisis Patagonia

  • Chapter
  • 207 Accesses

Part of the book series: Studies of the Americas ((STAM))

Abstract

Mapuche struggles for recomposition in Patagonia take place across various terrains, and assume a great diversity of forms. In this chapter, I look at the dynamics of these struggles, focusing on one of their spheres and strategies of work: communication. For Mapuche territorial movements, communication matters for two primary reasons. Firstly, because it serves as a vehicle for capital and the state in perpetuating Argentina’s negation of its indigenous reality; in discourse as in policy. At the same time, different media are employed as a tool for indigenous struggles to (re)construct political subjects and projects. Through its articulation across fragmented and dispersed urban and rural communities, 1 or connecting indigenous with other sectors, they can help to (re)weave webs of organizing and solidarity. In fact, for well over a decade, Mapuche and Mapuche-Tehuelche movements, and the communication collectives that grew out of them, have been making media. Many of these projects were launched in the decade after 2001, and operated autonomously from the state, in collaboration with other movements, with alternative media or nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).

This piece is based on doctoral fieldwork carried out in Argentina between 2011 and 2013 in the provinces of Río Negro and Chubut. In the latter, in addition to the Mapuche, there are Mapuche-Tehuelche communities. I alternate between the terms Mapuche and Mapuche-Tehuelche when referring to both, following common practice within movements. The phrase desalambrando el aire literally means “un-enclosing” the airwaves, and is a station call of Radio Petu Mogeleiñ.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • Patricia Agosto (ed.), Patagonia: Resistencias populares a la recolonizaciôn del continente, Rosario: Ediciones América Libre, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anaya, James, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples on the Situation of Indigenous Peoples in Argentina, New York: United Nations, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aranda, Dario, “El debate de fondo: extractivismo, gobierno y pueblos orginarios,” Deci Mu, (2011), 8–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beasley-Murray, Jon, Post -Hegemony. Political Theory and Latin America, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becerra, Martin and Guillermo Mastrini, “Crisis. What Crisis? Argentine Media in View of the 2008 International Financial Crisis,” International Journal of Communication, 4 (2010), 611–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briones, Claudia, “Formaciones de alteridad: contextos globales, procesos nacionales y provinciales,” in Claudia Briones (ed.), Cartograf ias Argentinas: Pol iticas indigenistas y formaciones provinciales de alteridad, Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Antropofagia, 2005a, 11–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briones, Claudia, (Meta) culturadel Estado-naciôny estadode la (meta) cultura. Popayân: Editorial universidad de Cauca, 2005b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briones, Claudio and Ana Margarita Ramos, “Audiencias y contextos: la historia de ‘Benetton contra los mapuches,’” e-misférica 2:1 (2005), accessed September 17, 2013, http://hemi.es.its.nyu.edu/journal/2_1/briones.html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cañuqueo, Lorena and Laura Kropff, “Reflexiones sobre el trabajo del equipo de comunicación Map Urbe,” Paper presented at 5o Seminario Anual “Performance y rai ces,” Instituto Hemisférico de Performance y Política, Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2005, accessed May 14, 2013, http://hemi.nyu.edu/bb/phpBB2/download.php?id=183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrasco, Morita, El movimiento ind í gena anterior a la reforma constitucional y su organizaciôn en el Programa de Participaciôn de Pueblos Indígenas, University of Texas at Austin, Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrasco, Morita and Claudia Briones, La tierra que nos quitaron, Lakha Honhat: IWGIA, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castells-Talens, Antoni, José Manuel Ramos Rodriguez, and Marisol Chan Concha, “Radio, Control, and Indigenous Peoples: The Failure of State-Invented Citizens’ Media in Mexico,” Development in Practice, 19 (2009), 525–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castorina, Emilia, “Crisis and Recomposition in Argentina,” in Jeffrey Webber and Barry Carr (eds), The New Latin American Left: Cracks in the Empire, Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2012, 233–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • CCAIA, Comunicaciôn con identidad. Aportes para la construcciôn del modelo de comunicaciôn indígena en Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colectivo Situaciones, “Disquiet in the Impasse,” Turbulence: Ideas for Movement, 5 (2009), 24–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delrio, Walter M., Memorias de expropiaciôn. Sometimiento e incorporaciôn indígena en la Patagonia (1872–1943), Bernal: Universidad Nacional de Quilmas Editorial, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodaro, Christian, Santiago Marino, and Mari a Graciela Rodriguez, “Collective Action and Militant Documentary Cinema in Argentina: A Conflictual Relationship,” in Laura Stein, Dorothy Kidd, and Clemencia Rodri guez (ed.), Making Our Media: Global Initiatives Toward a Democratic Public Sphere, Vol. Two, Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2009, 31–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • ENDEPA, Nueva advertencia sobre la inejecuciôn de la ley 26.160. La brecha entre las declaraciones y la realidad en materia de derechos territoriales indígenas, Formosa: ENDEPA, 2013.

    Google Scholar 

  • Féliz, Mariano, “Los li mites macroeconómicos del neo-desarrollismo,” Herramienta: Debate y cr itica Marxista, 39 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Féliz, Mariano and Emiliano López, “La dinâmica del capitalismo periférico postneoliberal-neodesarrollista. Contradicciones, barrerasy li mites de la nueva forma de desarrollo en Argentina,” Herramienta: Debate y cr itica Marxista, 45 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavaldá, Marc and Hernán Scandizzo, Patagonia petrolera, el desierto permanente, Barcelona, España: Bardo ediciones, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giarracca, Nora (ed.), Bicentenarios (otros), transiciones y resistencias, Buenos Aires: Una Ventana, 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordillo, Gast ó n and Silvia Hirsch, “Indigenous Struggles and Contested Identities in Argentina,” Journal of Latin American Anthropology, 8 (2003), 4–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hale, Charles “Rethinking Indigenous Politics in the Era of the ‘Indio Permitido,’” NACLA Report on the Americas, 38: 2 (2004), 16–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, Claudio, “Contrasentidos del neodesarrollismo,” La Haine, 2012, accessed May 19, 2013, http://katz.lahaine.org.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kradolfer, Sabine, The Transnationalisation of Indigenous Peoples’ Movements and the Emergence of New Indigenous Elites, UNESCO, 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kropff, Laura, “Activismo mapuche en Argentina: trayectoria hist ó rica y nuevas propuestas,” in Pablo Dâvalos (ed.), Pueblos indígenas, estado y democracia, Buenos Aires: CLACSO, 2005, 103–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenton, Diana and Mariana Lorenzetti, “Neoindigenismo de necesidad y urgencia: la inclusi ó n de los Pueblos Indf genas en la agenda del Estado neoasistencialista,” in Claudia Briones (ed.), Cartograf ias Argentinas: Pol iticas indigenistas y formaciones provinciales de alteridad, Buenos Aires: Editorial Antropofagia, 2005, 293–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longo, Roxana and Claudia Korol, “Criminalización de los movimientos sociales en Argentina,” ed. in Kathrin Buhl and Claudia Korol (eds), Criminalizaciôn de la protesta y de los movimientos sociales, Sao Paolo: IRL y Rede Social, 2008, 18–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mases, Enrique Hugo, Estado y cuestiôn Indígena. El destino final de los indios sometidos en el sur del territorio (1878–1910), Buenos Aires: Entrepasados /Prometeo Libros, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mastrini, Guillermo and Santiago Marino, “Al final del periodo. Los lf mites del progresismo. Polf ticas de comunicación en Argentina durante el gobierno de Néstor Kirchner,” Oficios Terrestres, 21 (2007), 180–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mombello, Laura Cecilia, Evoluciôn de la pol itica indigenista en Argentina en la d icada de los noventa, University of Texas at Austin, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouviña, Hernán, “Colonialidad, subalternidades y emancipaciones en Nuestra América. Apuntes para problematizar el lado oscuro del Bicentenario,” Herramienta web 8 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramos, Ana Margarita, Los pliegues del linaje. Memorias y pol iticas mapuches-tehuelches en contextos de desplazamiento, Buenos Aires: EUDEBA, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, James C., Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seoane, José and Emilio Taddei, with Clara Algranati, Recolonizaciôn, bienes comunes de la naturaleza y alternativas desde los pueblos, Rio de Janeiro: IBASE, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svampa, Maristella, “Consenso de los commodities, giro ecoterritorial y pensamiento crítico en América Latina,” OSAL, 8: 32 (2012), 15–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanco, Eva Gonzâlez, “Representación de la identidad mapuche a través de las radios comunitarias en Argentina. Anâlisis de estrategias,” Tenerife: Universidad de la Laguna, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trentini, Florencia et al., “‘Los nostâlgicos del desierto’: la cuestión mapuche en Argentina y el estigma en los medios,” Cultura y representaciones sociales, 4 (2010), 186–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valverde, Sebastián, “La historia de las organizaciones etnopolf ticas del pueblo mapuche,” Revista de Historia, 10 (2005), 167–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vinelli, Natalia, “Una historia de espectros: Apuntes sobre la televisión alternativa, comunitaria o de baja potencia en Argentina,” in Natalia Vinelli, Fabiana Arencibia, and María Cecilia Fernández (eds), Notas Sobre la televisiôn alternativa: Experiencias de Argentina, Cuba e Italia, Buenos Aires: Centro Cultural de la Cooperation Floreal Gorini, 2005, 9–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, Jeffrey R. “The Economic Structures of Reconstituted Neoliberalism,” in Jeffrey R. Webber (ed.), From Rebellion to Reform in Bolivia: Class Struggle, Indigenous Liberation, and the Politics of Evo Morales, Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2011, 177–229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zibechi, Raûl, Territorios en Resistencia. Cartografía pol itica de las perife4rias urbanas latinoamericanas, La Paz: Textos Rebeldes, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zibechi, Raûl, “Governments and Movements: Autonomy or New Forms of Domination?” Socialism and Democracy, 24 (2010a), 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zibechi, Raûl, Dispersing Power: Social Movements as Anti-State Forces. AK Press, 2010b.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2014 Cara Levey, Daniel Ozarow, and Christopher Wylde

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fischer, S. (2014). Desalambrando el aire: Communication and Mapuche Struggles in Postcrisis Patagonia. In: Levey, C., Ozarow, D., Wylde, C. (eds) Argentina Since the 2001 Crisis. Studies of the Americas. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137434265_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics