Abstract
The Ibāḍīs are the moderate branch and the only survivors of the early Islamic sect known as the Khārijites (Khawārij). Currently, they form the main part of the population in Oman, in the oases of Mzab in Algeria, Zawāra, and Jabal Nafūsa in Tripolitania, on the island of Jerba in Tunisia. Small groups are also found on the island of Zanzibar and on the East African coast (formerly part of the Sultanate of Oman). In this chapter, I will analyze the development of the concept of “sunnd” among the Ibāḍis starting from the early beginning of the Ibāḍī movement in Baṣra.
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Notes
See Abū ‘l-’Abbās Aḥmad al-Dārjīnī, Kitāb ṭabaqāt al-mashā’ikh bi-’l-Maghrib, edited by Ibrāhīm Tallāy, 2 vols (Costantini 1394/1974), II, 273–277;
Abū ‘l-Abbās Aḥmad al-Shammākhī, Kitdb dl-siydr (lit. Cairo, 1301/1883), 102–105.
John Wilkinson, Ibdḍism. Origins dnd Edrly Development in Oman (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), xiii.
‘Amr Khalīfa Ennami (al-Nāmī), Studies in Ibāḍism (publications of the University of Libya, Faculty of Arts, 1972), Chap. IV Ibāḍi Jurisprudence, 79–117;
Ersilia Francesca, “The Formation and Early Development in the Ibāḍi Madhhab,” Jerusalem Studies in Ardbic dnd Islam, 28 (2003): 260–277;
and “Investigating Early Ibāḍi Jurisprudence: Sources and Case Law,” Jerusdlem Studies in Ardbic dnd Islam, 30 (2005): 231–263.
Recently published by Farḥat b. ‘Alī al-Ja’bīrī, Rasā’il al-Imām Jābir b. Zdyd (Oman: Maktaba al-Ḍāmirī li-l-nashr wa’l-tawzī’, 2013).
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See Joseph Schacht, The Origins of Muhammadan Jurisprudence (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1950), 154–155.
van Ess, Anfänge muslimischer Theologie—Zwei antiqadaritische Traktate aus dem ersten Jahrhundert der Hiǧra (Wiesbaden-Beirut: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1977), 122.
Patricia Crone and Fritz Zimmermann (eds.), The Epistle of Sālim Ibn Dhakwān (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), 144 (Arabic), 145 (English transi.).
See Roberto Rubinacci, “Il califfo ‘Abd al-Malik b. Marwān e gli Ibāḍiti,” Anndli dell’Istituto Universitario Orientdle di Ndpoli, N.S. 5 (1954): 99–121;
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Ibn Sallām, Kitāb Ibn Sdllām. Eine ibdditisch-mdghrebinische Geschichte des Islams aus dem 3.–9. Jahrhundert (Hg. Werner Schwartz and Shaykh Sālim Ibn Ya’qūb, Bibliotheca Islamica 33, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH, 1986), 114;
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al-Sālimī, Ḥāshiyat al-Jāmi’ al-Ṣaḥīḥ, 3 vols (Cairo: al-Maktaba al-Bārūniyya, 1908), I, 5;
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Al-Kudamī, Abū Sa’īd Muhammad b. Sa’īd, Kitāb dl-Istiqāma 3 vols. (Muscat: Wizārat al-Turāth al-Qawmī wa-’l-Thaqāfa, 1985), III, 6–7.
See John C. Wilkinson, “Bio-bibliographical Background to the Crisis Period in the Ibāḍī Imāmate of Oman,” Arabian Studies, 3 (1976): 137–164.
Ajwibat Ibn Khalfūn (Abū Ya’qūb Yūsuf Ibn Khalfūn al-Mazzātī), edited by ‘Amr Khalīfa al-Nāmiī(Ennami) (Beirut: Dār al-fatḥ, 1974), 13–20, 38, 54.
R. Rubinacci, “La professione di fede di al-Ğannāwunī”, Annali dell’Istituto Universitario Orientale di Napoli (1964): 14, 553–595.
Mohamed Talbi, Études d’Histoire Iftiqiyenne et de Civilisation Musulmane Médiévale (Tunis: éd. Université de Tunis, 1982), 36f;
Gautier H. A. Juynboll, Muslim Tradition. Studies in Chronology, Provenance and Authorship of Early ḥadīth (Cambridge: Cambridege University Press, 1983), 30–33;
M. Aṭfayyish Jāmi’ al-shaml fī ḥadīth Khatam al-Rusul 2 vols (Beirut, 1987);
Nūr ad-Dīn Al-Sālimī, al-Lum’a al-murḍīya min ashi“at al-abaḍīya (Musqat: Wizārat ‘al-Turāth ‘al-Qawmī wa-’al-Thaqāfah, 1983).
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Francesca, E. (2015). The Concept of sunna in the Ibāḍī School. In: Duderija, A. (eds) The Sunna and its Status in Islamic Law. Palgrave Series in Islamic Theology, Law, and History. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137369925_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137369925_6
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