Abstract
Since the 1990s, migratory flows to Italy have multiplied and the presence of immigrants of various nationalities has begun to take on a considerable weight along with the stabilization of many immigrant groups (Massey et al. 1998). In particular, immigrants from Morocco stand out not only in terms of sheer numbers, but also because of their patterns of settlement across the country.1 This has largely been due to changes in many of these people’s migratory project, where what was first thought of as a temporary move has, as we will see, become increasingly permanent.
I thank Prof. Ada Lonni for his encouragement during the various phases of the project and Prof. Alfio Mastropaolo for discussing with me the original idea. I also thank Dr. Tiziana Caponio for reading the first draft of the chapter and Dr. Paola Rivetti for the useful comments and suggestions during the final draft of the chapter. Any error, of course, is my responsibility
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adamson, Fiona B. 2002. “Mobilizing for the Transformation of Home: Politicized Identities and Transnational Practices.” In New Approaches to Migration? Transnational Communities and the Transformation of Home, edited by N. Al-Ali and K. Koser. London: Routledge.
Aguilar, Gaby O. 2008. “The Local Relevance of Human Rights: A Methodological Approach.” Paper presented at the Local Relevance of Human Rights International Conference. Belgium: Antwerp.
Ambrosini, Maurizio. 2012. “Immigration in Italy: Between Economic Acceptance and Political Rejection.” Journal of International Migration and Integration. DOI: 10.1007/s12134–011–0231–3.
Anderson, Christopher J., Patrick M. Regan, and Robert L. Østergard. 2002. “Political Repression and Public Perceptions of Human Rights.” Political Research Quarterly 55 (2): 439–456.
ASGI-FIERI. 2005. “La partecipazione politica degli stranieri a livello locale. Rapporto di ricerca commissionato dall’assessorato alla Solidarietà Sociale, Politiche giovanili e programmazione sanitaria della Provincia di Torino.” Accessed September 24, 2012; http://www.fieri.it/ricerca_partecipazione_2005.php
Beetham, David. 1999. Democracy and Human Rights. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Belguendouz, Abdelkrim. 2006. Le traitement institutionnel de la relation entre les marocains résidant à l’étranger et le Maroc. Florence: CARIM, European University Institute.
Belluati, Marinella, ed. 2007. Islam locale. Domanda di rappresentanza e problemi di rappresentazione. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Boneva, Bonka S. and Irene H. Frieze. 2001. “Toward a Concept of a Migrant Personality.” Journal of Social Issues 57: 477–491.
Boukhars, Anouar. 2010. Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism. New York: Routledge.
Capello, Carlo. 2003. “Torino-Maghreb. La costruzione di identità trasversali tra i migranti marocchini.” In Più di un sud, studi antropologici sull’immigrazione a Torino, edited by Paola Sacchi and Pier. P. Viazzo. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Caponio, Tiziana. 2001. “Partecipazione politica e rappresentanza.” In Secondo rapporto sulle politiche di integrazione degli immigrati in Italia, edited by G. Zincone. Bologna: Il Mulino.
—. 2005. “Policy Networks and Immigrants’ Associations in Italy: The Cases of Milan, Bologna and Naples.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 31 (5): 931–950.
Caritas. 2005. Immigrati e partecipazione. Dalle consulte e dai consiglieri aggiunti al diritto di voto. Roma: Edizioni Idos.
Carli, Elena. 2007. “La domanda di rappresentanza. Le voci dell’Islam locale.” In L’Islam locale. Domanda di rappresentanza e problemi di rappresentazione, edited by M. Belluati. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Carlson, Marcia J. and Ola Listhaug. 2007. “Citizens’ Perceptions of Human Rights Practices: An Analysis of 55 Countries.” Journal of Peace Research 44 (4): 465–483.
Carpo, Federico, Ornella Cortese, Rosita Di Peri, and Gabriele Magrin. 2003. “Immigrati e partecipazione politica. Il caso italiano.” European Project Satchel. Accessed October 27, 2012; http://www.cestim.org
Cavatorta, Francesco. 2005. “The International Context of Morocco’s Stalled Democratization.” Democratization 12 (4): 548–566.
Cavatorta, Francesco and Emanuela Dalmasso. 2009. “Liberal Outcomes through Undemocratic Means: The Reform of the Code de statut Personnel in Morocco.” Journal of African Studies 47 (4): 487–506.
Clark, Ian. 1999. Globalization and International Relations Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Collier, David and Steven Levitsky. 1997. “Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research.” World Politics 49 (3): 430–451.
Collyer, Michael. 2006. “How Does a Culture of Migration Affect Motivations for Migration?” Paper presented at the IMISCOE conference on Poverty, Vulnerability, and Migration Choice, Geneva, May 18–19.
Coslovi, Lorenzo. 2007. Biglietti diversi, destinazione comune. Indagine sul mercato dell’emigrazione irregolare dal Marocco centrale verso l’Italia e la Spagna. Roma: CeSPI Working Paper 32.
Cowling, Tony. 2008. “The Effects of Globalization on the Perception of Democracy.” In Public Opinion Polling in a Globalized World, edited by M. Carballo and H. Hjelmar. London: Springer.
Dahl, Robert. A. 1971. Poliarchy. Participation and Opposition. New Have: Yale University Press.
Dalmasso, Emanuela. 2012. “Surfing the Democratic Tsunami in Morocco: Apolitical Society and the Reconfiguration of a Sustainable Authoritarian Regime.” Mediterranean Politics 17 (2): 217–232.
de Haas, Hein. 2005. “Morocco: From Emigration Country to Africa’s Migration Passage to Europe.” Country profile Morocco, Migration Information Source, November. Accessed January 5, 2013; http://www.migrationinformation.org/feature/display. cfm? I D= 3 39
—. 2007. “Morocco’s Migration Experience: A Transitional Perspective.” International Migration 45 (4): 39–70.
—. 2008. “The Internal Dynamics of Migration Processes.” Paper presented at IMSCOE Conference on Theories of Migration and Social Change. University of Oxford, St. Anne’s College, July 1–3.
de Haas, Hein and Plug Roald. 2006. “Cherishing the Goose with the Golden Eggs: Trends in Migrant Remittances from Europe to Morocco 1970–2004.” International Migration Review 40 (3): 603–634.
Della Porta, Donatella and Sidney Tarrow, eds. 2005. Transnational Protests and Global Activism. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
Denoeux, Guilain P. 2000. “The Politics of Morocco’s Fight against Corruption.” Middle East Policy 7 (2): 165–189.
—. 2007. “Corruption in Morocco: Old Forces, New Dynamics and a Way Forward.” Middle East Policy 14 (4): 134–151.
Desrues, Thierry and Eduardo Moyano. 2001. “Social Change and Political Transition in Morocco.” Mediterranean politics 6 (1): 21–47.
Di Bartolomeo, Anna, Tamirace Fakhoury, and Dephine Perrin. 2009. Morocco Country Report. Florence: CARIM—Consortium, European University Institute.
Di Peri, Rosita, ed. 2008. Media e altri: rappresentazioni e discriminazioni. Torino: I quaderni di Paralleli. Accessed November 23, 2012; http://www.paralleli.org/allegati/quaderni/Quaderno_integrale_numero_4.pdf
Diamond, Larry and Leonardo Morlino. 2005. Assessing the Quality of Democracy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
EUMC. 2006. Muslims in the European Union: Discrimination and Islamophobia. Accessed November 21, 2012; http://fra.europa.eu/fra Website/attachments/Manifestations_EN.pdf
Fargues, Philippe, ed. 2005. Mediterranean Migration-2005 Report. Florence: CARIM Consortium, European University Institute. Accessed October 14, 2012; http://www.cairn.org
Fennema, Meindert and Jean Tillie. 1999. “Political Participation and Political Trust in a Multicultural Democracy, Civic Communities and Ethnic Networks in Amsterdam.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 25 (4): 703–726.
—. 2001. “Civic Community, Political Participation and Political Trust. of Ethnic Groups.” Connections 24: 26–41.
—. 2004. “Do Immigrant Policies Matter? Ethnic Civic Communities and Immigrant Policies in Amsterdam, Liège and Zurich.” In Citizenship in European Cities: Immigrants, Local Politics and Integration Policies, edited by R. Penninx and K. Kraal. Aldershot: Ashgate.
—. 2005. “Civic Communities and Multicultural Democracy.” In Democracy and the Role of Associations: Political, Organizational and Social Contexts, edited by S. Rossteutscher. London: Routledge.
Gills, Barry. K. 2000. “American Power, Neo-liberal Economic Globalization and ‘Low Intensity Democracy’: An Unstable Trinity.” In American Democracy Promotion: Impulses, Strategies and Impact, edited by M. Cox, G. J. Ikenberry, and T. Inoguchi. New York: Oxford University Press.
Grassi, Davide. 2002. “La globalizzazione della democrazia: transizioni e consolidamento democratico agli albori del XXI secolo.” Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 32 (1): 3–29.
Held, David. 1995. Democracy and Global Order. Cambridge: Polity Press.
—. 1997. Models of Democracy. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Hibou, Beatrice. 2011. “Le mouvement du 20 février, le Makhzen et l’antipolitique: l’impensé des réformes au Maroc.” En Afrique du Nord, un soulèvement ne fait pas le printemps, Dossiers du CERI (5): 1–12.
Huntington, Samuel. P. 1991. The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Norman: University of Oklaoma Press.
—. 1993. “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs 72 (3): 22–49. Istat—Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; http://www.istat.it/it/archivio/39726
Johansson, Jonas. 2002. “Globalisation and Democracy: An Overlooked Dimension.” In Development and Democracy: What Have We Learned and How? edited by O. Elgström and G. Hyden. London: Routledge.
Jones-Correa, Michael. 1998. “Different Paths: Gender, Immigration and Political Participation.” International Migration Review 32 (2): 326–349.
Kengerlinsky, Marat. 2007. “Restrictions in EU Immigration and Asylum Policies in the Light of International Human Rights Standards.” Essex Human Rights Review 4 (2): 1–19.
King, Russell and Nancy Wood, eds. 2001. “Media and Migration: An Overview.” In Media and Migration: Constructions of Mobility and Difference, edited by R. King and N. Wood. London and New York: Routledge.
Koser, Khalid and Clarke C. Pinkerton. 2004. The Social Networks of Asylum Seekers and the Dissemination of Information about Countries of Asylum. London: University College.
Kosic, Ankica and Anna Triandafyllidou. 2005. “Active Civic Participation of Immigrants in Italy.” Country Report for the European project POLITIS. Accessed September 12, 2012; http://www.unioldenburgde/politis-europe
Laskier, Michael. M. 2003. “A Difficult Inheritance: Moroccan Society under King Mohammed VI.” Middle East Review of International Affairs 7 (3): 1–20.
Leveau, Rémy. 1995. “Morocco at the Crossroads.” Mediterranean Politics 2 (2): 95–113.
Levine, Peter. 2000. The New Progressive Era: Towards a Fair and Deliberative Democracy. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
Lijphart, Arendt. 1999. Patterns of Democracy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Maghraoui, Abdeslam M. 2001. “Monarchy and Political Reform in Morocco.” Journal of Democracy 12 (1): 73–86.
—. 2002. “Depoliticization in Morocco.” Journal of Democracy 13 (4): 24–32.
Maghraoui, Driss. 2011. “Constitutional Reforms in Morocco: Between Consensus and Subaltern Politics.” Journal of North African Studies 16 (4): 679–699.
Mai, Nick. 2004. “Looking for a More Modern Life …: The Role of Italian Television in the Albanian Migration to Italy.” Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture (1): 2–22.
Mantovan, Claudia. 2007. Immigrazione e cittadinanza: Auto-organizzazione e partecipazione dei migranti in Italia. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Martiniello, Marco. 2007. “Political Participation, Mobilisation and Representation of Immigrants and Their Offspring in Europe.” In Migration and Citizenship: Legal Status, Rights and Political Participation, edited by R. Bauböck. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Massey, Doglas S., Joaquin Arango, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino, and James E. Taylor. 1998. Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millennium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mastropaolo, Alfio. 2000. Antipolitica. Alle origini della crisi italiana. Napoli: L’Ancora.
—. 2011. La democrazia è una causa persa. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
Miller, Arthur H., Vicki L. Hesli, and William M. Reisinger. 1997. “Conceptions of Democracy among Mass and Elite in Post-Soviet Societies.” British Journal of Political Science 27: 157–190.
Molina, Irene F. 2011. “The Monarchy vs. the 20 February Movement: Who Holds the Reins of Political Change in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 16 (3): 435–441.
Morales, Laura and Marco Giugni, eds. 2011. Social Capital, Political Participation and Migration in Europe: Migration, Minorities and Citizenship. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Morlino, Leonardo. 2003. Democrazie e democratizzazioni. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Munck, Gerardo L. 2001. “Democratic Consolidation.” In Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought, edited by P. B. Clarke and J. Foweraker. London: Routledge.
Negri, Tino and Scaranari Introvigne, ed. 2005. Musulmani in Piemonte: in moschea, al lavoro, nel contesto sociale. Milano: Guerini e Associati.
Østergaard-Nielsen Eva. 2003. “The Politics of Migrants’ Transnational Political Practices.” International Migration Review 37 (3): 760–786.
Pace, Roberta and Brahim El Mouaatamid. 2006. Quali fonti per la misurazione dell’immigrazione marocchina in Italia: confronto tra paese di origine e paese di accoglienza. Ancona: Quaderni di ricerca, Università Politecnica delle Marche.
Pellegrino, Vincenza. 2009. L’Occidente e il Mediterraneo agli occhi dei migranti. Milano: Edizioni Unicopli.
Pharr, Susan J. and Robert D. Putnam. 2000. Disaffected Democracies: What’s Troubling the Trilateral Countries? Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Plehwe, Dieter, Bernhard B. Walpen, and Gisela Neunhoeffer, eds. 2006. Neoliberal Hegemony—A Global Critique. London: Routledge.
Pugliese, Enrico and Maria Immacolata Macioti. 2003. Immigrati e rifugiati in Italia. Bari: Laterza.
Sartori, Giovanni. 1957. Democrazia e definizioni. Bologna: Il Mulino.
Sayad, Abdelmalek. 1999. La double absence. Des illusions de l’émigré aux souffrances de l’immigré. Paris: Seuil.
Sen, Amartya. 1999. “Democracy as a Universal Value.” Journal of Democracy 10 (3): 3–17.
Shain, Yossi and Aharon Barth. 2003. “Diasporas and International Relations Theory.” International Organization 57 (3): 449–479.
Theo, SinYih. 2003. “Dreaming Inside a Walled City: Imagination, Gender and the Roots of Immigration.” Asian Pacific Migration Journal 12: 411–438.
Timmerman, Christiane, Petra Heyse, and Christof Van Mol. 2010. Project Paper 1: Conceptual and Theoretical Framework. EUMAGINE Research Project: University of Antwerp.
Tozy, Mohammed. 2008. “Islamists, Technocrats and the Palace.” Journal of Democracy 19 (1): 34–41.
Vanhanen, Tatu. 1997. Prospects of Democracy: A Study of 172 Countries. London: Routledge.
Vermeulen, Floris. 2006. The Migrant Organizing Process. Amsterdam: IMISCOE/Amsterdam University Press.
Volpi, Frederic. 2012. “Explaining (and Re-explaining) Political Change in the Middle East during the Arab Spring: Trajectories of Democratization and of Authoritarianism in the Maghreb.” Democratization, DOI:10.1080 /13510347.2012.668438.
Willis, Michael. 1999. “After Hassan: A New Monarch in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 4 (3): 115–128.
Withol de Wenden, Catherine. 1994. “Immigrants as Political Actors in France.” West European Politics 17 (2): 91–109.
World Bank. 2011. “Migration and Remittances.” Washington: Factbook. Accessed November 6, 2012; http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTE RNA L/TOPICS/0„contentM DK:21924020-pagePK:5105988-piPK:360975 -theSitePK:214971,00.htm1#fragment-4
Youngs, Richard. 2001. The European Union and the Promotion of Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2013 Peter Seeberg and Zaid Eyadat
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Di Peri, R. (2013). Perceiving Democracy in Migration: The Case of Moroccans in Piemonte. In: Seeberg, P., Eyadat, Z. (eds) Migration, Security, and Citizenship in the Middle East. The Modern Muslim World. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137345417_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137345417_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-46649-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-34541-7
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social Sciences CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)