Abstract
During the 16th century, Finland — then a part of Sweden — broke away from the Catholic Church in the Protestant Reformation. The king of Sweden took over as head of the Church, and Lutheran parishes became the only local administrative bodies in rural areas. This reformation was enabled by the country’s religious homogeneity (Markkola, 2007). As a result, these parishes began organizing poor relief in Finland. However, only in the late 19th century did the first official philanthropic associations emerge in Finland: women’s organizations. These organizations were formed of privileged women helping the underprivileged in Finnish cities (Harju, 2007). During this time period, the role of Finnish women even beyond philanthropy was exceptionally strong; in fact, Finland ultimately became the first country in Europe to give women the right to vote and the first in the world to have female members of the parliament — both occurring in 1906.
Keywords
- Public Sector
- Welfare State
- Youth Work
- Philanthropic Donation
- Poor Relief
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Buying options
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aalto University Donators (2014). Homepage. Retrieved July 21, 2014, from http://www.aalto.fi/en/cooperation/fundraising/donators/.
Alfred Kordelin Foundation (2014). Homepage. Retrieved July 21, 2014, from http://www.kordelin.fi/english.php.
Bank4Hope (2014). Homepage. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from www.bank4hope.org.
CAF (2011). World Giving Index 2011: A Global View on Giving Trends. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from https://www.cafonline.org/pdf/World_GivingJndex_2011_191211.pdf.
Emil Aaltonen Foundation (2014). Homepage. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.emilaaltonen.fi/eng.htm.
Finn Church Aid (2012). Alternative Gifts. Retrieved February 20, 2013 from http://www.kirkonulkomaanapu.fi/en/support_us/alternative_gifts.
Finnish patent and registration office (2013). Finish Associations Act. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.prh.fi/en/yhdistysrekisteri/yhdistyslaki.html.
Finnish Police (2012). Money Collecting Licenses. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.poliisi.fi/poliisi/home.nsf/Pages/562C8788A7A74631C2256C29003042D8.
Finlex (2013a). Freedom of Religion Act. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/2003/20030453.
Finlex (2013b). Income Tax Act. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1992/19921535.
Grönlund, H., & Hiilamo, H. (2006). Diakoniatyö hyvinvointivaltion mittarina. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka [Diaconal work as a measure for the welfare state]. Social Politics, 2, pp. 134–145.
Harju, A. (2007). Lyhyt oppimäärä kansalais- ja järjestötoiminnan historiaa [A Short Course in the History of Civic Engagement]. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.kansalaisyhteiskunta.fi/tietopalvelu/historiaa/lyhyt_oppimaara_kansalais_ja_jarjestotoiminnan_historiaa.
Helander, V., & Laaksonen, H. (1999). Suomalainen kolmas sektori: Rakenteellinen erittely ja kansainvälinen vertailu [Finnish Third Sector: Structural Analysis and International Comparison]. Helsinki, Finland: STKL.
Iltalehti (2014). He ovat lastensairaalan suurlahjoittajat [They Are the Major Donors of the Children’s Hospital]. Retrieved July 23, 2014, from http://m.iltalehti.fi/uutiset/2014010317894706_uu.shtml.
Jaakkola, J. (1996). Mutual benefit societies in Finland during the 19th and 20th centuries. In M. van der Linden (Ed.), Social Security Mutualism (pp. 501–525). Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang.
Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation (2014). Homepage. Retrieved July 23, 2014, from http://www.jaes.fi/en/.
Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation (2014). Retrieved from http://www.wihurinrahasto.fi/foundation.html.
Julkunen, R. (2003). Suunnanmuutosta lukemassa [Reading the change of direction]. In J. Saari (Ed.), Instituutiot ja sosiaalipolitiikka. Johdatus institutionaalisen muutoksen tutkimukseen [Institutions and Social Politics. Introduction to Research in Institutional Change] (pp. 71–92). Helsinki, Finland: STKL.
Kääriäinen, K., Ketola, K., Niemelä, K., Palmu, H., & Salomäki, H. (2009). Facing Diversity. The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland from 2004 to 2007 (2009). Tampere, Finland: Church Research Institute.
Kansanvalta [The Democracy Data Bank] (2012). Classification of Organizations. Retrieved February, 20, 2013, from http://www.kansanvalta.fi/Etusivu/Jarjestotjayhteisot/Kansalaisjarjestot/Jarjestotyypit.
Kirjallinen kysymys 476/2011 [Written question 476/2011]. (2011). Taiteelle annettavien lahjoitusten verovähennysoikeuden uudistaminen [Renewing the Fiscal Incentives on Donations to Art. Sari Sarkomaa/kok]. Retrieved February, 20, 2013 from http://www.eduskunta.fi/faktatmp/utatmp/akxtmp/kk_476_2011_p.shtml.
Markkola, P. (2007). Changing patterns of welfare: Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In S. King and J. Stewart (Eds.), Welfare Peripheries: The Development of Welfare States in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Europe (pp. 207–230). Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang AG/International Academic Publishers.
Manninen, M. (2005). Säätiöt Suomessa. [Foundations in Finland]. Helsinki, Finland: Cupore.
OECD (2013). OECD Factbook 2013: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-factbook-2013_factbook-2013-en.
Pessi, A.B. (2008). Suomalaiset auttajina ja luottamus avun lähteisiin [Finns as Helpers and Trust in Providers of Help]. Helsinki, Finland: RAY.
Pessi, A.B., Angell, O.H., & Pettersson, P. (2009). Nordic majority churches as agents in welfare state: critical voices and/or complementary providers? Temenos: Nordic Journal of Comparative Religion, 45(2), pp. 207–234.
Pessi, A.B., & Grönlund, H. (2012). Place of the Church: Public sector or civil society? Welfare provision of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Finland. Journal of Church and State, 54(3), p. 353.
RAY (2012). About RAY. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from https://www.ray.fi/en/ray/aboutray.
Register of Associations (2013). National board of patents and registration of Finland. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://www.prh.fi/en/yhdistysrekisteri.html.
Salamon, L.M., & Anheier, H.K. (1998). Social origins of civil society: Explaining the nonprofit sector cross-nationally. Voluntas, 9, pp. 213–248.
Salamon, L.M., & Anheier, H.K. (1999). Civil society in comparative perspective. In L.M. Salamon, H.K. Anheier, R. List, S. Toepler, & S.W. Sokolowski (Eds.), Global Civil Society: Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector (pp. 3–39). Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins Centre for Civil Society.
Salamon, L.M., & Sokolowski, S.W. (2003). Institutional routes of volunteering: Toward a macro-structural theory of individual voluntary action. In P. Dekker & L. Halman (Eds.), The Values of Volunteering: Cross-cultural Perspectives (pp. 71–90). New York: Kluwer.
Schwartz, S.H. (1999). A theory of cultural values and some implications for work. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48(1), pp. 23–47.
Sharewood (2012). Homepage. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from www.sharewood.org.
Sociobarometer Studies (2006). Sosiaalibarometri. Helsinki, Finland: STKL.
The Finnish Fundraising Association (2011). Kansalaisjärjestöjen nykytila-analyysi [Present State of NPOs]. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from www.vala.fi.
The new children’s hospital (2014). Uusi lastensairaala [The New Children’s Hospital]. Retrieved July 24, 2014, from http://uusilastensairaala2017.fi/.
Tuhkanen, T. (2005). ‘In memoriam sui et suorum posuit’ Lahjoittajien muotokuvat Suomen kirkoissa 1400-luvulta 1700-luvun lopulle [‘In memoriam sui et suorum posuit’ The Portraits of Donors in the Finnish Churches from 1400 to the End of 1700]. Turku, Finland: Åbo Akademi University Press.
Yle Uutiset or Yle News (2013). Cannot the State Finance a Children’s Hospital? [Elkö valtio pysty rahoittamaan lastensairaalaa?]. Retrieved February 20, 2013, from http://yle.fi/uutiset/eiko_valtio_pysty_rahoittamaan_lastensairaalaa/6504569.
Vaarama, M., Moisio, P., & Karvonen, S. (2010). Hyvinvointipolitiikka 2010-luvulla [Politics of Welfare in 2010]. In M. Vaarama, P. Moisio, & S. Karvonen (Eds.), Suomalaisten hyvinvointi 2010 [Well-being of Finns 2010] (pp. 278–286). Helsinki, Finland: THL.
Vaisto, H. (2009). Järjestöjen taloudelliset Toimintaedellytykset: Työryhmän raportti 9.2.2009 [Financial Operating Conditions of Associations Working Group Report 9.2.2009]. Helsinki Finland: Kansalaisyhteiskuntapolitiikan neuvottelukunta.
Veikkaus (2010). Annual Report for 2010. Retrieved February 20, 2013 from http://www.veikkaus2010.fi/en.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2015 Henrietta Grönlund and Anne Birgitta Pessi
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Grönlund, H., Pessi, A.B. (2015). Giving in Finland: The Multidimensional Role of Giving in a Context of a Changing Welfare Model. In: Wiepking, P., Handy, F. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Global Philanthropy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137341532_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137341532_10
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-34323-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-34153-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social Sciences CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)