Abstract
Adolescence has long been viewed in Western cultures as a period of individual self-searching. Newly aware of a world beyond their immediate sphere of experience, youth begin to contemplate what role (or roles) they will assume, how they will be recognised by others, and what contributions they will make to society. In our rapidly changing, interconnected, and technological world, the number of roles open to today’s generation of youth has never been greater. Digital media technologies, in particular, have expanded adolescents’ range of self-expression, as well as the potential audiences for those expressions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, GR & Marshall, SK (1996) ‘A Developmental Social Psychology of Identity: Understanding the Person-in-Context’, Journal of Adolescence, 19(5): 429–442.
Bessière, K, Seay, AF & Kiesler, S (2007) ‘The Ideal Elf: Identity Exploration in World of Warcraft’, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(4): 530–535.
Bortree, DS (2005) ‘Presentation of Self on the Web: An Ethnographic Study of Teenage Girls’ Weblogs’, Education, Communication & Information, 5: 25–39.
boyd, d (2007) ‘Why Youth (Heart) Social Network Sites: The Role of Networked Publics in Teenage Social Life’, in D Buckingham (ed.) Youth, Identity, and Digital Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 119–142.
boyd, d (2008) ‘Taken Out of Context: American Teen Sociality in Networked Publics’. Unpublished dissertation: http://www.danah.org/papers/TakenOutOf Context.pdf (retrieved 18 January 2009).
Bronfenbrenner, U (1977) ‘Toward an Experimental Ecology of Human Development’, American Psychologist, 32(7): 513–531.
Cooley, CH (1902) Human Nature and the Social Order. New York: Scribner’s.
Cote, JE (1997) ‘An Empirical Test of the Identity Capital Model’, Journal of Adolescence, 20: 577–597.
Cote, JE (2009) ‘Identity Formation and Self-Development in Adolescence’, in RM Lerner & LD Steinberg (eds) Handbook of Adolescent Psychology (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 266–304.
Cross, WEJ (1971) ‘The Negro-to-Black Conversion Experience’, Black World, 20(9): 13–27.
Cross, WE (1978) ‘The Thomas and Cross Models of Psychological Nigrescence: A Review’, Journal of Black Psychology, 5(1): 13–31.
Davis, K (2010) ‘Coming of Age Online: The Developmental Underpinnings of Girls’ Blogs’, Journal of Adolescent Research, 25(1): 145–171.
Davis, K (2012) ‘Tensions of Identity in a Networked Era: Young People’s Perspectives on the Risks and Rewards of Online Self-Expression’, New Media & Society, 14(4): 634–651.
Erikson, EH (1950) Childhood and Society. New York: Norton.
Erikson, EH (1968) Identity, Youth, and Crisis. New York: Norton.
Erikson, EH (1980) Identity and the Life Cycle. New York: Norton.
Goffman, E (1959) The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Doubleday.
Government of Bermuda (2010) 2010 Census: Population and Housing Report. Bermuda: Department of Statistics. Available at: http://www.govsubportal.com/census/2010-census
Helms, JE (1990) Black and White Racial Identity: Theory, Research, and Practice. New York: Greenwood Press.
Hodkinson, P (2007) ‘Interactive Online Journals and Individualisation’. New Media & Society, 7(3): 79–104.
Ito, M, Baumer, S, Bittanti, M, boyd, d, Cody, R, Herr-Stephenson, B, et al. (2009) Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out: Kids Living and Learning with New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
James, W (1890) The Principles of Psychology. New York: H. Holt.
Livingstone, S (2008) ‘Taking Risky Opportunities in Youthful Content Creation: Teenagers’ Use of Social Networking Sites for Intimacy, Privacy and Self-Expression’, New Media & Society, 10(3), 393–411.
Marcia, JE (1966) ‘Development and Validation of Ego-Identity Status’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5): 551–558.
Maxwell, JA (2005) Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mead, GH (1934) Mind, Self & Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Meeus, W (2011) ‘The Study of Adolescent Identity Formation 2000–2010: A Review of Longitudinal Research’, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 21(1): 75–94.
Miles, MB & Huberman, AM (1994) Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Plant, S (1997) Zeros + Ones: Digital Women and the New Technoculture (1st ed.). New York: Doubleday.
Robards, B (2010) ‘Randoms in My Bedroom: Negotiating Privacy and Unsolicited Contact on Social Network Sites’, Prism, 7(3). Available at: http://www.prismjournal.org/fileadmin/Social_media/Robards.pdf
Robards, B & Bennett, A (2011) ‘MyTribe: Post-Subcultural Manifestations of Belonging on Social Network Sites’, Sociology, 45: 303–317.
Rosenthal, D (1992) ‘Ethnic Identity in Adolescence: Process, Context, and Outcome’, in GR Adam, TP Gullotta & R Montemayor (eds) Adolescent Identity Formation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 145–172.
Schmitt, KL, Dayanim, S & Matthias, S (2008) ‘Personal Homepage Construction as an Expression of Social Development’, Developmental Psychology, 44(2): 496–506.
Schwartz, SJ (2001) ‘The Evolution of Eriksonian and Neo-Eriksonian Identity Theory and Research: A Review and Integration’, Identity, 1(1): 7–58.
Stern, S (2007) ‘Producing Sites, Exploring Identities: Youth Online Authorship’, in D Buckingham (ed.) Youth, Identity, and Digital Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 95–117.
Stone, AR (1991) ‘Will the Real Body Please Stand Up? Boundary Stories about Virtual Cultures’, in M Benedikt (ed.) Cyberspace: First Steps. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 81–118.
Strauss, AL & Corbin, JM (1990) Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Subrahmanyam, K & Smahel, D (2011) Digital Youth: The Role of Media in Development. New York: Springer.
Tatum, BD (1992) ‘African-American Identity Development, Academic Achievement, and Missing History’, Social Education, 56(6): 331–334.
Turkle, S (1995) Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Valkenburg, PM & Peter, J (2008) ‘Adolescents’ Identity Experiments on the Internet: Consequences for Social Competence and Self-Concept Unity’, Communication Research, 35(2): 208–231.
Valkenburg, PM & Peter, J (2011) ‘Online Communication Among Adolescents: An Integrated Model of Its Attraction, Opportunities, and Risks’, Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2): 121–127.
Valkenburg, PM, Schouten, AP & Peter, J (2005) ‘Adolescents’ Identity Experiments on the Internet’, New Media & Society, 7: 383–402.
Vasalou, A & Joinson, AN (2009) ‘Me, Myself and I: The Role of Interactional Context on Self-Presentation through Avatars’, Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2): 510–520.
Waskul, D & Douglass, M (1997) ‘Cyberself: The Emergence of Self in On-line Chat’, The Information Society, 13(4): 375–396.
Waters, M (1999) Black Identities. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Youniss, J & Smollar, J (1985) Adolescent Relations with Mothers, Fathers, and Friends. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Zhao, S, Grasmuck, S & Martin, J (2008) ‘Identity Construction on Facebook: Digital Empowerment in Anchored Relationships’, Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5): 1816–1836.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2014 Katie Davis
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Davis, K. (2014). Youth Identities in a Digital Age: The Anchoring Role of Friends in Young People’s Approaches to Online Identity Expression. In: Bennett, A., Robards, B. (eds) Mediated Youth Cultures. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137287021_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137287021_2
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-44945-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-28702-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Media & Culture CollectionLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)