Abstract
In August 1993, people around the world were taken by surprise with the news that a breakthrough between the Israeli government and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) had been achieved. In less than eight months, a small group of Israelis, Palestinians, and Norwegians managed to secretly negotiate and conclude a Declaration of Principles (DOP). This result stood in stark contrast to the dominant media images transmitted from Washington about the official negotiations, which were constantly punctuated by deadlocks. Many turned with puzzled attention to Norway, a tiny country in the north of Europe, pondering what had taken place there. One of the key players to initiate, sustain, and facilitate these secret negotiations was Terje Rød-Larsen, a sociologist and director of the Norwegian research institute, Fafo.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abbas, Mahmoud (Abu Mazen). Through Secret Channels. London: Garnet Publishing, 1995.
Aggestam, Karin. “Two-Track Diplomacy: Negotiations between Israel and the PLO through Open and Secret Channels.” Davis Papers on Israel’s Foreign Policy, no. 53 (1996): 1–38.
Aggestam, Karin. Reframing and Resolving Conflict: Israeli-Palestinian Negotiations 1988–1998. Lund: Lund University Press, 1999.
Aggestam, Karin. “Mediating Asymmetrical Conflict.” Mediterranean Politics 7, no. 1 (2002): 69–91.
Aggestam, Karin. “Quasi-Informal Mediation in the Oslo Channel: Larsen and Holst as Individual Mediators.” In Studies in International Mediation, edited by Jacob Bercovitch. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002, 57–79.
Baker, James. The Politics of Diplomacy: Revolution, War and Peace, 1989–1992. New York: Putnam’s, 1995.
Beilin, Yossi. Touching Peace: From the Oslo Accord to a Final Agreement. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999.
Bercovitch, Jacob. “Mediation in International Conflict: an Overview of Theory, a Review of Practice.” In Peacemaking in International Conflict: Methods & Techniques, edited by I. William Zartman and J. Lewis Rasmussen. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1997, 125–153.
Corbin, Jane. Gaza First: The Secret Norway Channel to Peace between Israel and the PLO. London: Bloomsbury, 1994.
Egeland, Jan. A Billion Lives: An Eyewitness Report from the Frontlines of Humanity. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008.
George, Alexander. Bridging the Gap: Theory and Practice in Foreign Policy. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1993.
Hampson, Fen Osler. Nurturing Peace: Why Peace Settlements Succeed or Fail. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 1996.
Kriesberg, Louis. Constructive Conflicts: From Escalation to Settlement. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998.
Kurtzer, Dan and Scott Lasensky. Negotiating Arab-Israeli Peace: American Leadership in the Middle East. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press, 2008.
Peres, Shimon. The New Middle East. Shaftesbury: Element Books Limited, 1993.
Peres, Shimon. Battling for Peace—Memoirs. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1995.
Pruitt, Dean. “Ripeness Theory and the Oslo Talks.” International Negotiation 2, no. 2 (1997): 237–250.
Qurie, Ahmed. From Oslo to Jerusalem: The Palestinian Story of the Secret Negotiations. New York: I. B. Tauris, 2006.
Rubin, Jeffrey Z. “The Timing of Ripeness and the Ripeness of Timing.” In Timing the De-Escalation of International Conflicts, edited by Louis Kriesberg and Stuart J. Thorson. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1991, 237–246.
Savir, Uri. The Process: 1,100 Days That Changed the Middle East. New York: Random House, 1998.
Stein, Janice Gross, ed. Getting to the Table: The Processes of International Prenegotiation. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1989.
Waage, Hilde Henriksen. Norwegians? Who Needs Norwegians? Explaining the Oslo Back Channel: Norway’s Political Past in the Middle East. Oslo: Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2000.
Waage, Hilde Henriksen. “Peacemaking Is a Risky Business”: Norway’s Role in the Peace Process in the Middle East, 1993–96. Oslo: International Peace Research Institute, Oslo, 2004.
Weller, Marc. “The Art of Achieving Agreement in Peace Negotiations: Meditration or Medilation?” Ethnopolitics, 8, no. 2 (2009): 235–237.
Zartman, I. William. Ripe for Resolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Zartman, I. William. “Explaining Oslo.” International Negotiation 2, no. 2 (1997): 195–215.
Zartman, I. William. “Negotiating Forward- and Backward-Looking Outcomes.” In Peace versus Justice: Negotiating Forward- and Backward-Looking Outcomes, edited by I. William Zartman and Victor Kremenyuk. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005, 1–8.
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2012 Mona Fixdal
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Aggestam, K. (2012). The Psychology of Peacemaking: Terje Rød-Larsen. In: Fixdal, M. (eds) Ways Out of War. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137030542_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137030542_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-44047-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-03054-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)