Abstract
This short chapter is an attempt to bring to light the key philosophical and spiritual teachings of the Buddha for the purpose of understanding how the power of his doctrine appealed to such a vast range of regions and peoples. In addition, this exploration will make it possible to understand Buddhism’s relationships with and influences on neighboring cultures and their doctrines. These included Manichaeism, Islam, and Sufism in Iran, each of which experienced Buddhism in turn and in their proper historical and geographical contexts, often with surprising outcomes. In order to be able to recognize, compare, and contrast the influences that Buddhism ultimately had on these cultures and religions, we must have a strong and clear understanding of Buddhism’s founding and philosophy.
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Notes
Arthur Lillie, “Buddhist Saint Worship,” JRAS 14/3 (July, 1882): 218–226.
Chögyam Trungpa, Glimpses of Abhidharma (New Delhi: Shambhala, 2002), 109.
See Patricia E. Karetzky, Early Buddhist Narrative Art: Illustration of the Buddha from Central Asia to China, Korea and Japan (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, Inc., 2000), xl.
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See Otto Schrader, “Zum Ursprung der Lehre vom Samsāra,” ZMDG 64 (1910): 333–335, for his approach to samsāra from the Hindu as well as Buddhist point of view.
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See also B. C. Law, Heaven and Hell in Buddhist Perspective (Varanasi: Pilgrims Publishing, 2004).
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D. Kalupahana, The Buddha and the Conception of Freedom (Dehiwala, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Cultural Centre, 2008), ix, 1–2. The term, nirvrtatva occurs in post-Budhhist Upanishad, 1.
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© 2012 Mostafa Vaziri
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Vaziri, M. (2012). Introduction to the Buddha’s Key Spiritual and Philosophical Concepts. In: Buddhism in Iran. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137022943_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137022943_1
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