Abstract
The 430th anniversary of the Union of Lublin in 1569 offers a good opportunity to return to a problem which has recently been somewhat neglected by scholars but raises many debatable issues which deserve further investigation.
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Notes
Andrzej S. Kamiński, ‘The Szlachta of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and their Government’ in Ivo Banac and Paul Bushkovitch (ed.), The Nobility in Russia and Eastern Europe (New Haven, 1983), pp. 17–45, here, p. 28.
See Zigmantas Kiaupa, Jūratė Kiaupienė and Albinas Kuncevičius. The History of Lithuania before 1795 (Vilnius, 2000), pp. 204–22 (part 2, ch. V.1, ‘The Gediminians become the Jagiellonians’).
Ludwik Kolankowski cites 32 Lithuanian and 24 Polish commanders. Polska Jagiellonów. Dzieje polityczne, 3rd edn (Olsztyn, 1991), p. 217.
For further details, see Ingė Lukśaitė, ‘Die reformatorischen Kirchen Litauens bis 1795’, in Arthur Hermann and Wilhelm Kahle (eds), Die reformatorischen Kirchen Litauens. Ein historischer Abriß (Erlangen, 1998);
Ingė Lukśaitė, Reformacija Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje ir Mažojoje Lietuvoje. XVI a. trečias dešimtmetis — XVII a. pirmas dešimtmetis (Vilnius, 1999), with a German summary: Reformation im Großfüstentum Litauen und in Kleinlitauen (20er Jahre des 16. Jh. Bis zum ersten Jahrzehnt des 17. Jh.).
The diary of the Piotrków Sejm: ‘Regarding the Lithuanian Union. There was a great alteration, because the noble envoys knew that Lithuania itself had solicited it from the king, and that an embassy had been sent from the army at Witebsk to the king at Vilnius (Wilno), asking that he unite them with Poland (which is sufficiently explained above), but some of the lords opposed this, among whom the most prominent were Mikołaj Radziwiłł, the Palatine of Vilnius, chancellor, marshal, hetman, and the lord of great holdings in the said duchy, standing in great favour.’ Zrzodłopisma do dziejow unii Korony Polskiej i W. X. Litewskiego, ed. A. T. Działyński, Part II.1 (Poznań, 1861), p. 157; The diary of the Warsaw Sejm: ‘It also seemed necessary to ask His Highness the King for the Lithuanian instruction, which was given to the Lithuanian envoys at the Sejm in Witebsk, on 13 September 1562: Supplication to His Highness the King ourgracious Lord from all the citizens and knighthood of all estates of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. First, that His Highness the King be pleased to establish a common Sejm with the Polish lords, and a single union. Chiefly for two reasons, that is, to elect a single Lord (which, it shall please God, shall not be in event of the death of our Lord without issue), and for one common defence, that we should deliberate in one Sejm, enjoy equal and identical freedoms and privileges with ourselves, by which humble supplication we shall stand, having to this end chosen envoys to despatch to the Polish Lords with the knowledge of His Royal Highness and their Highnesses the Lords of the Council.’ Ibid., pp. 367–8.
Oskar Halecki, ‘Sejm obozowy szlachty litewskiej pod Witebskiem 1562 r. i jego petycya o unię z Polską’, Przegląd Historyczny, XVIII (1914), pp. 320–52, here p. 348.
Anna Dembińska, Polityczna walka o egzekucję dóbr królewskich w latach 1559/64 (Warsaw, 1935), p. 55.
I. Lappo, Velikoie Kniazhestvo Litovskoie za vremia ot zakluchenia Lublinskoi Unii do smerti Stefana Batoriia (1569–1586). Opyt issledovaniia politicheskogo i obshchestvennogo stroia, vol. I (St Petersburg, 1901);
Lappo, Velikoie Kniazhestvo Litovskoie vo vtoroi poplovine XVI stoletiia. Litovsko-Russkii povet i iego seimik (Yurev, 1911).
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Kiaupienė, J. (2001). The Grand Duchy and the Grand Dukes of Lithuania in the Sixteenth Century: Reflections on the Lithuanian Political Nation and the Union of Lublin. In: Butterwick, R. (eds) The Polish-Lithuanian Monarchy in European Context, c. 1500–1795. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780333993804_5
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