Skip to main content

Radio Programming, Ideology and Cultural Change: Fascism, Communism and Liberal Democracy, 1920s–1950s

  • Chapter
Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany

Part of the book series: New Perspectives in German Studies ((NPG))

Abstract

Twentieth-century German history is indelibly marked by deep ruptures that have profoundly affected all aspects of society. The history of German radio is no exception. The political systems of the Weimar Republic, the Nazi dictatorship, and the East and West German states each established not only entirely different forms of broadcast organization, but also completely different ideas about radio programming. This chapter attempts to give an overview of the relevant types and how they changed over time. However, it limits itself to the period until about 1960, when television began to emerge as the dominant mass medium, thus presenting its own particular challenges to radio. In this sense the decades before 1960 comprise a discrete era, a Radio Age without competition from television.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. A great deal of literature on the subject at hand has already been published, and not all of it can be noted here in detail; the same applies for much of the evidence which supports the following argumentation. In both cases, I must make sweeping references to examples from my book: K. Dussel, Hörfunk in Deutschland: Politik, Programm, Publikum (1923–1960)(Potsdam, 2002). See also: K. Dussel, Deutsche Rundfunkgeschichte, 2nd edn (Konstanz, 2004).

    Google Scholar 

  2. ‘Bericht des Reichspostministeriums zur 21. Sitzung der Reichsfunkkommission am 9. Juni 1922’, reprinted in W. B. Lerg, Die Entstehung des Rundfunks in Deutschland: Herkunft und Entwicklung eines publizistischen Mittels (Frankfurt/Main, 1965), p. 367.

    Google Scholar 

  3. See M. Hilmes, Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922–1952 (Minneapolis, 1997);

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. Hilmes, ‘The Origins of the Commercial Broadcasting System of the United States’, in E. Lersch/H. Schanze (eds), Die Idee des Radios: Von den An fängen in Europa und den USA bis 1933 (Konstanz, 2004), pp. 73–81.

    Google Scholar 

  5. See Lerg, ‘Entstehung’; H. O. Halefeldt, ‘Sendegesellschaften und Rundfunkordnungen’, in J.-F. Leonhard (ed.), Programmgeschichte des Hörfunks in der Weimarer Republik (Munich, 1997), pp. 23–352.

    Google Scholar 

  6. K. C. Führer, Wirtschaftsgeschichte des Rundfunks in der Weimarer Republik (Potsdam, 1997).

    Google Scholar 

  7. A. Briggs, The Birth of Broadcasting, vol. 1 of The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom (London, 1961); P. Scannell & D. Cardiff, A Social History of British Broadcasting, Vol. 1: 1922–1939. Serving the Nation (Oxford, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  8. See M. Stapper, Unterhaltungsmusik im Rundfunk der Weimarer Republik (Tutzing, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  9. See for the organizational history A. Diller, Rundfunkpolitik im Dritten Reich (Munich, 1980).

    Google Scholar 

  10. A comparably comprehensive account of programming history is lacking. Important aspects are covered in I. Marßolek & A. von Saldern (eds), Zuhören und Gehörtwerden I: Radio im Nationalsozialismus. Zwischen Lenkung und Ablenkung (Tübingen, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  11. See M. Balfour, Propaganda in War 1939–1945: Organisations, Policies and Publics in Britain and Germany (London, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  12. E. Hadamovsky, Dein Rundfunk: Das Rundfunkbuch für alle Volksgenossen (Munich, 1934), p. 51.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Joseph Goebbels, opening speech for the 13th Great German Broadcasting Exhibition 1936, cited after K. Dussel & E. Lersch (eds), Quellen zur Programmgeschichte des deutschen Hörfunks und Fernsehens (Göttingen and Zurich, 1999), p. 136.

    Google Scholar 

  14. M. H. Kater, Different Drummers: Jazz in the Culture of Nazi Germany (New York, 1992).

    Google Scholar 

  15. K. Dussel, ‘Kulturkonzepte im Konflikt: Britische, deutsche und schweizerische Hörfunkprogramme während des Zweiten Weltkriegs’, Vierteljahreshefte für Zeitgeschichte 49 (2001), pp. 441–463.

    Google Scholar 

  16. H. Boberach (ed.), Meldungen aus dem Reich: Die geheimen Lageberichte des Sicherheitsdienstes der SS 1938–1945 (Herrsching, 1984), vol. 13, p. 5286f.

    Google Scholar 

  17. H. Speier, ‘Nazi Propaganda and its Decline’, Social Research 10 (1943), pp. 358–77, quote on p. 376.

    Google Scholar 

  18. See also D. Welch, ‘Propaganda and Indoctrination in the Third Reich: Success or Failure?’, European History Quarterly 17 (1987), pp. 403–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. See K. Riege, Einem Traum verpflichtet: Hans Mahle — eine Biographie (Hamburg, 2003).

    Google Scholar 

  20. K. Dussel, ‘Die Sowjetisierung des DDR-Rundfunks in den fünfziger Jahren. Die Organisation des Staatlichen Rundfunkkomitees und seine Leitungstätigkeit’, Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaft 45 (1997), pp. 992–1016.

    Google Scholar 

  21. See in general Burton Paulu, Radio and Television Broadcasting in Eastern Europe (Minneapolis, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  22. M. Rauhut, ‘“Wir müssen etwas Besseres bieten”. Rockmusik und Politik in der DDR’, Deutschland-Archiv 30 (1997), pp. 572–87 (quote on p. 574).

    Google Scholar 

  23. See M. Rauhut, Beat in der Grauzone: DDR-Rock 1964 bis 1972 — Politik und Alltag (Berlin, 1993);

    Google Scholar 

  24. Inge Marßolek & A. von Saldern (eds), Zuhören und Gehörtwerden. Vol. H: Radio in der DDR der fün fziger Jahre. Zwischen Lenkung und Ablenkung (Tübingen, 1998).

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Dussel, ‘Der DDR-Rundfunk und seine Hörer. Ansätze zur Rezeptionsforschung in Ostdeutschland (1945–1965)’, Rundfunk und Geschichte 24 (1998), pp. 122–36.

    Google Scholar 

  26. B. Mettler, Demokratisierung und Kalter Krieg: Zur amerikanischen Informations-und Rundfunkpolitik in Westdeutschland 1945–1949 (Berlin, 1975), p. 106.

    Google Scholar 

  27. J. Görgen, Der britische Ein fluß auf den deutschen Rundfunk1945–1948 (Diss., Berlin, 1983; pub. Aacken 1997);

    Google Scholar 

  28. T. Rölle, Der britische Ein fluß auf den Aufbau des Nordwestdeutschen Rundfunks von1945 bis 1948, Diss. (Kiel, 1991).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Cited after H. Bausch, Rundfunkpolitik nach 1945, vol. 3 of Rund funk in Deutschland (Munich, 1980), p. 62.

    Google Scholar 

  30. See also the detailed study by W. Behr, Das Kleine Orchester des Südwestfunks unter Leitung von Willi Stech: Untersuchungen zur Aufgabe und Bedeutung eines Rundfunkunterhaltungsorchesters (Baden-Baden, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Cited after A. Briggs, The War of Words, vol. 3 of The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom (London, 1970), p. 577.

    Google Scholar 

  32. U. G. Poiger, ‘Rock ‘n’ Roll, Female Sexuality and the Cold War Battle over German Identities’, Journal of Modern History 68 (1996), pp. 577–616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. See K. Dussel, ‘The Triumph of English-Language Pop Music: West German Radio Programming’, in A. Schildt & D. Siegfried (eds), Between Marx and Coca-Cola: Youth Cultures in Changing European Societies, 1960–1980 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006) pp. 127–48;

    Google Scholar 

  34. K. Maase, ‘From Nightmare to Model? Why German Broadcasting became Americanized’, in A. Stephan (ed.), Americanization and Anti-Americanism: The German Experience with American Culture after 1945 (New York, 2005), pp. 78–106.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2006 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dussel, K. (2006). Radio Programming, Ideology and Cultural Change: Fascism, Communism and Liberal Democracy, 1920s–1950s. In: Führer, K.C., Ross, C. (eds) Mass Media, Culture and Society in Twentieth-Century Germany. New Perspectives in German Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230800939_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics