Abstract
Dana Carleton Munro (1866–1933), the founding father of American crusade historians, owed his intellectual formation to the German seminar, which kept him chained to the documents. At his death his grand project, “a detailed and scholarly history of the Crusades based upon an exhaustive and critical use of the contemporary sources,” was left unfinished.1 Amongst his many published articles was the first essay in English on the Children’s Crusade. In his essay, diligent if uninspiring, Munro did achieve one thing. He left meat for his successors to chew on: “There were two movements in 1212, one of French, the other of German children; if they were in any way connected, as seems probable, such connection cannot be proved from the extant sources.”2
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Notes
See Jonathan Riley-Smith, “The First Crusade and the Persecution of the Jews,” in W.J. Sheils (ed.), Persecution and Toleration (Studies in Church History, 21) (Basil Blackwell: Oxford, 1984), pp. 51–72.
See Jonathan Riley-Smith (ed.), The Atlas of the Crusades (Times Books: London, 1991), pp. 30–1.
Ernst G. Grimme, Der Karlsschrein und der Marienschrein im Aachener Dom (Einhard: Aachen, 2002), p. 20.
Glyn S. Burgess and Anne E. Cobby, The Pilgrimage of Charlemagne (Garland: New York and London, 1988), pp. 1–3.
Jonathan Riley-Smith, The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading (The Athlone Press: London, 1986), pp. 25, 111–12; Gesta Francorum (ed./trans., Rosalind Hill) (Nelson: Edinburgh, 1962), p. 2.
Robert Folz, Le souvenir et la légénde de Charlemagne dans l’Empire germanique médiéval (Les Belles Lettres: Paris, 1950), pp. 180–1.
A.W. Wybrands (ed.), Gesta abbatum Orti Sancte Marie (Leeuwarden, 1879), pp. 3–4.
See Georges Duby, “Les pauvres des campagnes dans l’occident médiéval jusqu’au xiiie siècle,” Revue d’histoire de l’église de France, Vol. 52 (1966), pp. 25–32.
Paul Freedman, Images of the Medieval Peasant (Stanford University Press: Stanford, California, 1999) provides an up to date, balanced analysis.
Cited in Joshua Prawer, History of the Jews in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (Clarendon Press: Oxford 1988), pp. 75–6.
See Peter W. Edbury (ed./trans.), The Conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade: Sources in Translation (Scolar Press: Aldershot, 1996), pp. 162–3.
October–November, 1187; cited from Louise and Jonathan Riley-Smith (eds./trans.), The Crusades: Idea and Reality, 1095–1274 (Edward Arnold: London, 1981), pp. 64–7.
Kate Norgate, Richard the Lion Heart (Macmillan: London, 1924), p. 71. Cf. Nicholson, Chronicle of the Third Crusade, p. 47: “Richard… was the first to receive the sign of the cross to avenge the Cross’s injury.”
J.-P. Migne, Patrologiae Latina, Vol. 204 (Paris, 1855), col. 353.
There is a considerable bibliography; two useful titles are: Richard Barber, The Holy Grail: Imagination and Belief (Allen Lane: London, 2004).
Roger S. Loomis, The Grail: From Celtic Myth to Christian Symbol (Princeton University Press: Princeton, 1991)
Henri Pirenne, “Philippe d’Alsace,”, Biographie Nationale de Belgique, Vol. 17 (Brussels, 1903), cols. 163–76.
Cf. Frederick W. Locke, The Quest for the Holy Grail (Stanford University Press: Stanford, 1960), pp. 3–5.
See Michael E. Goodich, From Birth to Old Age: The Human Life Cycle in Medieval Thought, 1250–1350 (University Press of America: Lanham, MD., 1989), p. 60,
referring to Isidore of Seville’s Etymologiae: “Pueritia comes from pure (purus), the period just before puberty, which ends at fourteen.” Cf. Shulamith Shahar, Childhood in the Middle Ages (Routledge: London and New York, 1992), p. 22.
See Kenneth M. Setton (ed.), A History of the Crusades, Vol. 1 (University of Pennsylvania Press: Philadelphia, 1958), pp. 260–4, 472–7; Vol. 2 (1962), pp. 89–90, 119–20, 164.
See Manfred Groten, Köln im 13. Jahrhundert (Böhlau: Köln, 1998);
Jonathan W. Zophy (ed.), The Holy Roman Empire (Greenwood Press: Westport, Conn., 1980), pp. 84–7.
See Richard C. Trexler, The Journey of the Magi: Meanings in the History of a Christian Story (Princeton University Press: Princeton, 1997), pp. 74–9;
Bernard Hamilton, “Prester John and the Three Kings of Cologne,” reprinted in Prester John, the Mongols, and the Ten Lost Tribes (ed. C.F. Beckingham and B. Hamilton) (Ashgate: Aldershot, 1996), pp. 171–85;
Hans Hofmann, Die heiligen drei Könige (Ludwig Röhrscheid Verlag: Bonn, 1975), pp. 130–4.
Karl Meisen, Die heiligen drei Könige (Cologne, 1949), p. 17.
Cologne Continuator, p. 18. The scholarly dispute over the place-name Maguntie (Mainz? Metz? Monza?) is best resolved in favor of Mainz. See Johann Graesse, Orbis Latinus (rev. H. Plechl), Vol. 2 (Braunschweig: Klinkhardt and Biermann, 1972), p. 574.
Otto of Freising, The Deeds of Frederick Barbarossa (trans. Charles C. Mierow) (W.W. Norton: New York, 1966), pp. 45–6.
Ludwig Falck, Mainz in Frühen u. Hohen Mittelater (Walter Rau Verlag: Düsseldorf, 1972), pp. 161–2; Idem., “Die erzbishchöfliches Metropole, 1011–1244,”.
Franz Dumont, et al., Mainz: Die Geschicte der Stadt (Verlag P. von Zabern: Mainz, 1998), pp. 130–2, 138
On the Trier chronicler, see Petrus Becker, Die Benediktinerabtei St. Eucharius-St. Matthias von Trier (Germania Sacra, n.f., 34, Erzbistum Trier, 8) (Berlin, 1996), p. 467.
Fr. Bertheau, Die Gesta Treverorum, 1152–1259 (R. Peppmüller: Göttingen, 1874), pp. 40–1.
W. Wattenbach and Franz-Josef Schmale, Deutschlands Geschictsquellen im Mittelalter, Vol. 1 (Darmstadt, 1976), pp. 350–1
P.B. Gams, Series Episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae (reprinted Graz, 1957), p. 318; Handbuch des Bistums Trier (Paulinus: Trier, 1952), p. 37.
Augustus Potthast (ed.), Regesta Pontificum Romanorum, Vol. 1 (reprinted Graz, 1957), p. 146; Latin text in J.-P. Migne (ed.), Patrologiae Latina, Vol. 214 (Paris, 1855), col. 1012; English translation in James M. Powell (trans.), The Deeds of Innocent III, by an Anonymous Author (Catholic University of America Press: Washington, D.C., 2004), cap. 115, pp. 214–15.
On the Exodus theme and the tau, see Miccoli, Fanciulli, p. 420ff.; Damien Vorreux, Un symbole franciscain: le Tau (Paris 1977), p. 18.
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© 2008 Gary Dickson
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Dickson, G. (2008). History: On the Road. In: The Children’s Crusade. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230592988_5
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