Abstract
In an ‘era of globalisation’ political participation and citizenship are issues that need to be discussed within a wider global context that reaches beyond the borders of Europe. European politics is increasingly reflective of the dilemmas and challenges of the politics of citizenship. On the one hand, there are ongoing debates about the relationship between the nation-state (the traditional site securing citizenship) and the regional institutions of the European Union (EU). There are concerns about identities and accountabilities, borders and regulations. On the other, there is an acknowledgement of the expanded sense of ‘Europe’, and expanded citizenship therefore, and its links to the wider world. Due to the changing structures of international relations, new laws and policies on immigration (on national and regional levels, that is, the EU, African Union and any other regional arrangements), and new forms of multilateral co-operation (such as international civil society networking within and without Europe), political participation cannot be understood without taking into consideration that wider context.
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Rai, S.M. (2006). Dilemmas of Political Participation. In: Hellsten, S.K., Holli, A.M., Daskalova, K. (eds) Women’s Citizenship and Political Rights. Women’s Rights in Europe Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230502901_2
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