Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

International Entrepreneurial Culture, International Opportunity Perception and Pattern of International Exploitation: Towards an Integrated Model

  • Chapter
Managing Opportunity Development in Business Networks

Abstract

Currently topical in international business research is the emergent field of international entrepreneurship. Interest in this topic has gained momentum in recent years, with an increasing number of articles appearing in journals and dedicated special issues (Coviello and Jones, 2004). Following the definition advanced by McDougall and Oviatt (2000) international entrepreneurship deals with the innovative, proactive and risk-seeking behavior of firms across borders. Its relevance in the modern era of globalization, wherein firms seek to achieve a competitive advantage worldwide, has escalated. It appears that Wright and Ricks (1994) could not have been more correct when they predicted that this area would become one of the most topical areas in international business.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agarwal, S. and Ramaswami, S.N. 1992. Choice of Foreign Market Entry Mode: Impact of Ownership, Location and Internalization Factors, Journal of International Business Studies, 23, 1–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H.E. 1979. Organizations and Environments, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, O. 1993. On The Internationalization Process of Firms: A Critical Analysis, Journal of International Business Studies, 24 (2), 33–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, O. 1997. Internationalization and Market Entry Mode: A Review of Theories and Conceptual Frameworks, Management International Review, 37 (2), 7–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersson, U. and Forsgren, M. 2000. In Search of Centre of Excellence: Network Embeddedness and Subsidiary Roles in Multinational Corporations, Management International Review, 40 (4), 329–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Artisien, P.F.R. and Buckley, P.J. 1985. Joint Ventures in Yugoslavia: Opportunities and Constraints, Journal of International Business Studies, 16 (Spring), 111–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barney, J. 1991. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage, Journal of Management, 17, 99–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beamish, P.W. 1984. Joint Venture Performance in Developing Countries. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Western Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilkey, W.J. and Tesar, G. 1977. The Export Behavior of Smaller-Sized Wisconsin Manufacturing Firms, Journal of International Business Studies, 8 (1), 93–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. 1997. Entrepreneurship in Multinational Corporations: The Characteristics of Subsidiary Initiatives, Strategic Management Journal, 18, 207–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. 1999. The Determinants and Consequences of Subsidiary Initiative in Multinational Corporations, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24 (1), 9–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. 2000. Entrepreneurship in the Global Firm, London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. 2001. Strategy and Management in MNE Subsidiaries, in A. Rugman and T. Brewer (Eds) Oxford Handbook of International Business, 380–401. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. and Hood, N. 1998. Multinational Subsidiary Evolution: Capability and Charter Change in Foreign-Owned Subsidiary Companies, Academy of Management Review, 23, 773–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. and Hood, N. 2000. Characteristics of Foreign Subsidiaries in Industry Clusters, Journal of International Business Studies, 31, 141–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J. and Hood, N. 2001. Unleash Innovation in Foreign Subsidiaries, Harvard Business Review, 79 (3), 131–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Birkinshaw, J., Hood, N. and Jonsson, S. 1998. Building Firm-Specific Advantages in Multinational Corporations: The Role of Subsidiary Initiative, Strategic Management Journal, 19, 221–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blankenburg-Holm, D. 1995. A Network Approach to Foreign Market Entry, in K. Moller and D. Wilson (Eds) Business Marketing: An International and Network Perspective, 375–405. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, T.E., Davidsson, P. and Wiklund, J. 2001. An Operationalization of Stevenson’s Conceptualization of Entrepreneurship as Opportunity-Based Firm Behavior, Strategic Management Journal, 22, 953–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burton, F.N. and Schlegelmilch, B.B. 1987. Profile Analyses of Non-exporters versus Exporters Grouped by Export Involvement, Management International Review, 27 (1), 38–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Busenitz, L.W., Gömez, C. and Spencer, J.W. 2000. Country Institutional Profiles: Unlocking Entrepreneurial Phenomena, Academy of Management Journal, 43, 994–1003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casson, M. 1982. The Entrepreneur: An Economic Theory, Oxford: Mart in Robertson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, S. and Rosenzweig, P.M. 2001. The Choice of Entry Mode in Sequential Foreign Direct Investment, Strategic Management Journal, 22, 747–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, W. and Levinthal, D. 1990. Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35 (1), 128–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coviello, N.E. and Jones, M.V. 2004. Methodological Issues in International Entrepreneurship Research, Journal of Business Venturing, 19 (4), 485–508.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coviello, N.E. and Munro, H.J. 1997. Network Relationships and The Internationalisation Process of Small Software Firms, International Business Review, 6 (4), 361–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, W.H. 1982. Global Strategic Management, New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denrell, J., Fang C. and Winter, S.G. 2003. The Economics of Strategic Opportunity, Strategic Management Journal, 24, 977–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dichtl, E., Leibold, M., Köglmayr, H.-G. and Müller, S. 1984. The Export Decision of Small- and Medium-Sized Firms: A Review, Management International Review, 24 (2), 49–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dimitratos, P. and Plakoyiannaki, E. 2003. Theoretical Foundations of An International Entrepreneurial Culture, Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 1, 187–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dimitratos, P., Lioukas, S. and Carter, S. 2004. The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and International Performance: The Importance of Domestic Environment, International Business Review, 13, 19–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunning, J.H. 1988. The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions, Journal of International Business Studies, 19, 1–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, R., Ahmad, A. and Moss, S. 2002. Subsidiary Autonomy: The Case of Multinational Subsidiaries in Malaysia, Journal of International Business Studies, 33, 183–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ENSR (European Network for SME Research). 1996. The European observatory for SMEs. Fourth Annual Report.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsgren, M., Holm, U. and Johanson, J. 1992. Internationalization of the Second Degree — The Emergence of European-based Centres in Swedish Firms, in S. Young and J. Hamill (Eds) Europe and the Multinationals — Issues and Responses for the 1990s, 235–53. London: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frost, T.S. 2001. The Geographic Sources of Foreign Subsidiaries’ Innovations, Strategic Management Journal, 22, 101–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geen, R. and Shea, J.D.C. 1997. Social Motivation and Culture, in D. Munro, J.F. Schumaker and S.C. Carr (Eds) Motivation and Culture, 33–48. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, E.M. and Krugman, P.R. 1995. Foreign Direct Investment in the United States, 3rd edn. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. 1973. The Strength of Weak Ties, American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gulati, R. 1998. Alliances and Networks, Strategic Management Journal, 19, 293–317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hannan, M.T. and Freeman, J.H. 1977. The Population Ecology of Organizations, American Journal of Sociology, 82, 929–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedlund, G. 1994. A Model of Knowledge Management and The N-form Corporation, Strategic Management Journal, 15 (Summer Special Issue), 73–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hennart, J.-F. and Larimo, J. 1998. The Impact of Culture on The Strategy of Multinational Enterprises: Does National Origin Affect Ownership Decisions? Journal of International Business Studies, 29, 515–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hisrich, R.D. and O’Brien, M. 1982. The Woman Entrepreneur as a Reflection of The Type of Business, in K. Vesper (Ed.) Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 54–67. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hu, M.Y. and Chen, H. 1996. An Empirical Analysis of Factors Explaining Foreign Joint Venture Performance in China, Journal of Business Research, 35, 165–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurmerinta-Peltomaki, L. 2003. Time and Internationalisation: Theoretical Challenges Set by Rapid Internationalisers, Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 1 (2), 217–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibeh, K.I.N. 2003. Toward a Contingency Framework of Export Entrepreneurship: Conceptualisations and Empirical Evidence, Small Business Economics, 15 (1), 49–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johanson, J. and Vahlne, J.-E. 1977. The Internationalization Process of The Firm: A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments, Journal of International Business Studies, 8 (1), 23–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, M.V. 1999. The Internationalisation of UK Small High-Technology Firms, Journal of International Marketing, 7 (4), 15–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, M.V. 2001. First Steps: An Examination of The First Cross-border Business Activities of a Sample of a UK High Technology Firms, Journal of International Management, 7 (3), 191–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, M.V. and Coviello, N.E. 2005. Internationalization: Conceptualizing an Entrepreneurial Process of Behaviour in Time, Journal of International Business Studies, 36 (3), 284–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keats, B.W. and Hitt, M.A. 1988. A Causal Model of Linkages among Environmental Dimensions, Macro Organizational Characteristics, and Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 31, 570–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, W.C. and Hwang, R 1992. Global Strategy and Multinationals’ Entry Mode Choice, Journal of International Business Studies, 23 (1), 29–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirzner, I.M. 1973. Competition and Entrepreneurship, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, G. and Cavusgil, S.T. 1996. The Born Global Firm: A Challenge to Traditional Internationalization Theory, in C.R. Taylor (Ed.) Advances of International Marketing, 11–26. New York: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, G. and Cavusgil, S.T. 2004. Innovation, Organizational Capabilities, and The Born-global Firm, Journal of International Business Studies, 35 (2): 124–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawless, M.W. and Finch, L.K. 1989. Choice and Determinism: A Test of Hrebiniak and Joyce’s Framework on Strategy-Environment Fit, Strategic Management Journal, 10, 351–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leonidou, L.C., Katsikeas, C.S. and Piercy, N.F. 1998. Identifying Managerial Influences on Exporting: Past Research and Future Directions, Journal of International Marketing, 6 (2), 74–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, J -S, Sharkley, T.W. and Kim, K.I. 1993. Determinants of International Marketing Strategy, Management International Review, 33 (2), 103–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liouville, J. 1992. Under What Conditions Can Exports Exert a Positive Influence on Profitability? Management International Review, 32 (1), 41–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumpkin, G.T. and Dess, G.G. 1996. Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Construct and Linking it to Performance, Academy of Management Review, 21, 135–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lumpkin, G.T. and Dess, G.G. 2001. Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Environment and Industry Life Cycle, Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 429–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, T.K. and Servais, R. 1997. The Internationalization of Born Globals: An Evolutionary Process? International Business Review, 6, 561–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougall, P.P. and Oviatt, B.M. 2000. International Entrepreneurship: The Intersection of Two Research Paths, Academy of Management Journal, 43, 902–08.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDougall, P.P. and Oviatt, B.M. 2003. Some Fundamental Issues in International Entrepreneurship, http://www.usasbe.org/knowledge/whitepapers/index.asp

  • McDougall, P.P., Oviatt, B.M. and Shrader, R.C. 2003. A Comparison of International and Domestic New Ventures, Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 1, 59–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, D. and Friesen, P.H. 1978. Archetypes of Strategy Formulation, Management Science, 24, 921–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Minniti, M. 2004. Entrepreneurial Alertness and Asymmetric Information in a Spin-Glass Model, Journal of Business Venturing, 19, 637–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R.K., Smith, B., Seawright, K.W. and Morse, E.A. 2000. Cross-cultural Cognitions and The Venture Creation Decision, Academy of Management Journal, 43, 974–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moorman, C. 1995. Organizational Market Information Processes: Cultural Antecedents and New Product Outcomes, Journal of Marketing Research, 32, 318–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naidu, G.M. and Prasad, V.K. 1994. Predictors of Export Strategy and Performance of Small- and Medium-Sized Firms, Journal of Business Research, 31, 107–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. 1990. The Effect of a Market Orientation on Business Profitability, Journal of Marketing, 54 (4), 20–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’ Donnell, S.W. 2000. Managing Foreign Subsidiaries: Agents of Headquarters, or An Independent Network? Strategic Management journal, 21, 525–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oviatt, B.M. and McDougall, P.P. 1995. Global Start-ups: Entrepreneurs on a Worldwide Stage, Academy of Management Executive, 9 (2), 30–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, S.L. and Brock, D.M. 2002. The Development of Subsidiary-Management Research: Review and Theoretical Analysis, International Business Review, 11, 139–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prahalad, C.K. 1999. Transforming Internal Governance: The Challenge for Multinationals, Sloan Management Review, 40 (3), 31–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, K. and Morrison, A. 1992. Implementing Global Strategy: Characteristics of Global Subsidiary Mandates, Journal of International Business Studies, 23, 715–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rugman, A.M. and Bennett, J. 1982. Technology Transfer and World Product Mandating in Canada, Columbia Journal of World Business, 17 (4), 58–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumpeter, J.A. 1934. The Theory of Economic Development: An Enquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shane, S. 2003. A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-Opportunity Nexus, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shane, S. and Eckhardt, J. 2003. The Individual-Opportunity Nexus, in Z.J. Acs and D.B. Audretsch (Eds) Handbook of Entrepreneurship Research, 161–91. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shane, S. and Venkataraman, S. 2000. The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research, Academy of Management Review, 25 (1), 217–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simiar, F. 1983. Major Causes of Joint Venture Failures in The Middle East: The Case of Iran, Management International Review, 23 (1), 58–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slater, S.F. and Narver, J.C. 1995. Market Orientation and The Learning Organization, Journal of Marketing, 59 (3), 63–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, H.H. 1983. A Perspective on Entrepreneurship, Harvard Business School Working Paper 9-384-131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, A.S. and Mueller, S.L. 2000. A Case of Comparative Entrepreneurship: Assessing The Relevance of Culture, Journal of International Business Studies, 31 (2), 287–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venkataraman, S. 1997. The Distinctive Domain of Entrepreneurship Research: An Editor’s Perspective, in J. Katz, and R. Brockhaus (Eds) Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, 119–38. Greenwich. CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, R. 1966. International Investment and International Trade in The Product Life Cycle, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80, 190–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weick, K.E. 1979. The Social Psychology of Organizing. 2nd edn, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, R.W. (Ed.) 1999. International Entrepreneurship: Globalization of Emerging Businesses, Research in Global Strategic Management, 7. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, W.R. and Ricks, A.D. 1994. Trends in International Business Research: Twenty-Five Years Later, journal of International Business Studies, 25, 687–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Y.S., Leone, R.P. and Alden, D.L. 1992. A Market Expansion Ability Approach to Identify Potential Exporters, Journal of Marketing, 56 (1), 84–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yaprak, A. 1985. An Empirical Study of The Differences between Small Exporting and Non-exporting US Firms, International Marketing Review, 2 (2), 72–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, S. and Tavares, A. 2004. Centralization and Autonomy: Back to The Future, International Business Review, 13, forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, S., Dimitratos, P. and Dana, L.-P. 2003. International Entrepreneurship Research: What Scope for International Business Theories? Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 1, 31–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zahra, S.A. and Garvis, D.M. 2000. International Corporate Entrepreneurship: The Moderating Effect of International Environmental Hostility, Journal of Business Venturing, 15, 469–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zahra, S.A. and George, G. 2002. International Entrepreneurship: The Current Status of The Field and Future Research Agenda, in M. Hitt, D. Ireland, D. Sexton and M. Camp (Eds) Strategic Entrepreneurship: Creating an Integrated Mindset, 255–88. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahra, S.A., Dharwadkar, R. and George, G. 2000. Entrepreneurship in Multinational Subsidiaries: The Effects of Corporate and Local Environmental Contexts. Working Paper Series, 9 9/00-027. Atlanta, GA: Georgia Tech CIBER, Georgia Institute of Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahra, S.A., Korri, J.S. and Yu, J. 2005. Cognition and International Entrepreneurship: Implications for Research on International Opportunity Recognition and Exploitation, International Business Review, 14, forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahra, S.A., Neubaum, D.O. and Huse, M. 1997. The Effect of The Environment on Export Performance among Telecommunications New Ventures, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 22 (1), 25–46.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Pavlos Dimitratos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marian V. Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, UK

    Pervez Ghauri

  2. Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden

    Amjad Hadjikhani  & Jan Johanson  & 

Copyright information

© 2005 Pervez Ghauri, Amjad Hadjikhani and Jan Johanson

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dimitratos, P., Jones, M.V. (2005). International Entrepreneurial Culture, International Opportunity Perception and Pattern of International Exploitation: Towards an Integrated Model. In: Ghauri, P., Hadjikhani, A., Johanson, J. (eds) Managing Opportunity Development in Business Networks. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230379695_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation