Abstract
The elections of October 1877, which gave the republicans a majority of 119 in the Chamber of Deputies, sealed the victory for which Gambetta and Léon had struggled since 1872. The Republic had triumphed and monarchism would never again pose a serious threat. Gambetta had been pivotal to this triumph. He led the largest republican faction in the Chamber: roughly one hundred of the 326 republican Deputies were aligned with him. Nevertheless, President MacMahon not only refused to appoint him to lead a government; he even refused to include him in the ministry.2
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Notes
Goncourt Journals, 19 Jan. 1877, quoted in Anne Martin-Fugier, Les Salons de la Troisième République: Art, littérature, politique (Paris: Perrin, 2003), 55.
Carlo Bronne, La Marquise Arconati: Dernière Châtelaine de Gaasbeek (Brussels: Tervuren, 1970), 60–9; Martin-Fugier, Les Salons de la Troisième République, 69–70, 235–6.
Cf. Michael Burns, Dreyfus: A Family Affair, 1789–1945 (New York: Harper Collins, 1991), 317; Martin-Fugier, Les Salons de la Troisième République, 55. On Arconati-Visconti’s protests, see Ruth Harris, ‘Two Salonnières during the Dreyfus Affair: The Marquise Arconati-Visconti and Gyp’, in Confronting Modernity in Fin-De-Siècle France: Bodies, Minds and Gender, ed. Christopher Forth and Elinor Accampo (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), 240.
Bury 2: 425 and n. 2; Saad Morcos, Juliette Adam (Beirut: Dar al-Maaref-Liban, 1962), 83; Marie-Thérèse Guichard, Les égéries de la République (Paris: Éditions Payot, 1991), 45.
Steven C. Hause, Hubertine Auclert: The French Suffragette (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987), 42–4.
Toby Gelfand, ‘Neurologist or Psychiatrist? The public and private domains of Jean-Martin Charcot’, Journal of the History of the Behavioural Sciences 36, 3 (2000): 215–29; Mark S. Micale, ‘The Salpêtrière in the Age of Charcot: An Institutional Perspective on Medical History in the Late Nineteenth Century, Journal of Contemporary History 20 (1985): 703–31 (709–10).
See Robert A. Nye, Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France (New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993); Susan Foley and Charles Sowerwine, ‘Rousing, Dominating, Persuading: Léon Gambetta and the Construction of Male Democracy in France, 1868–1882’, ‘Oratory and Democracy’ Seminar, University of Melbourne, 2009.
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© 2012 Susan K. Foley and Charles Sowerwine
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Foley, S.K., Sowerwine, C. (2012). ‘What glory, to have created a new France’. In: A Political Romance. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230369481_9
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