Skip to main content

Part of the book series: New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science ((NDPCS))

  • 218 Accesses

Abstract

This book is about contemporary philosophical and neuroscientific perspectives on action, perception, and cognition as they are lived in embodied and socially embedded experience. This emphasis on embodiment and embeddedness is a change from traditional theories, which focused on isolated, representational, and conceptual cognition. In the new perspectives contained in our book, such “pure” cognition is thought to be undergirded and interpenetrated by embodied and embedded processes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adolphs, R. (1999). Social cognition and the human brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3, 469–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alloway, T. P., Corley, M., and Ramscar, M. (2006). Seeing ahead: experience and language in spatial perspective. Memory and Cognition, 34, 380–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bargh, J. A., and Chartrand, T. L. (1999). The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist, 54, 462–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baron-Cohen, S. (1995/2000). Mindblindness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, L., Henzi, P., and Dunbar, R. (2003). Primate cognition: From ‘what now?’ to ‘what if?’. Trends Cogn Sci, 7, 494–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barsalou, L.W. (1999). Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22, 577–660.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barsalou, L. W., Barbey, A. K., Simmons, W. K., and Satos, A. (2005). Embodiment in religious knowledge. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 5, 14–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, R. A. (2004). Binocularity and brain evolution in primates. PNAS, 101, 10,113–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, R. A. (2006). Primate brain evolution: integrating comparative neurophysiological and ethological data. Evolutionary Anthropology, 15, 224–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berthoz, A. (2000). The brain’s sense of movement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boroditsky, L. (2000). Metaphoric structuring: understanding time through spatial metaphors. Cognition, 75, 1–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boroditsky, L., and Ramscar, M. (2002). The roles of body and mind in abstract thought. Psychological Science, 13, 185–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P. (1980/1990). The logic of practice. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, R. W. and Corp, N. (2004). Neocortex size predicts deception rate in primates. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 271, 1,693–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carey, S. (2009). The origin of concepts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 20 Introduction

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Casebeer, W. D. (2003). Natural ethical facts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A. (1997). Being there. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A. (1999). An embodied cognitive science? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3, 345–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A. (2003). Natural-born cyborgs. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A. (2008). Supersizing the mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, A., and Chalmers, D. J. (1998) The Extended Mind. Analysis, 58, 7–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes’ error. New York: Putnam Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dear, P. (2006). The intelligibility of nature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Decety, J., and Jackson, P. W. (2006). A social neuroscience perspective on empathy. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 54–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1896). The reflex arc concept in psychology. Psychological Review, 3, 357–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1916) Democracy and Education. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1925/1989). Experience and nature. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donald, M. (1991). Origins of the modern mind. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donald, M. (2004). The virtues of rigorous interdisciplinarity. In J. M. Luraciello, J. A. Hudson, R. Fivush, and P. J. Baver (Eds), The development of the mediated mind. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 245–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Evolutionary Anthropology, 6, 178–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunbar, R. I. M., and Shultz, S. (2007). Understanding primate brain evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 363, 649–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan, O. (2007). The really hard problems. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, R. (1998). The context of human genetic evolution. Genome Res, 8, 339–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frith, C., and Wolpert, D. (2003). The neuroscience of social interaction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galison, P. (1988). History, philosophy and the central metaphor. Science in Context, 47, 197–212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, S. (2005). How the body shapes the mind. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gallagher, S., and Meltzoff, A. N. (1996). The earliest sense of self and others: Merleau-Ponty and recent developmental studies. Philosophical Psychology, 9(2), 211–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallese, V. (2007). Before and below “theory of mind”: Embodied simulation and the neural correlates of social cognition. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, 362, 659–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallese, V., Fadiga, L., Fogassi, L., and Rizzolatti, G. (1996). Action recognition in the premotor cortex. Brain, 119, 593–609.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallistel, C. R. (1980). The organization of action: A new synthesis. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gallistel, C. R. (1992). The organization of learning. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geschwind, N. (1974). Selected papers on language and the brain. Boston: Reidel Publishing Company.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, R. W. (2006). Embodiment and cognitive science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, J. J. (1966). The senses considered as perceptual systems. New York: Houghton-Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson, K. R., and Ingold, T. (Eds) (1993). Tools, language and cognition in human evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G. (2000). Adaptive thinking. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G., and Brighton, H. (2009). Homo heuristicus: Why biased minds make better inferences. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1, 107–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gigerenzer, G., and Selten, R. (2001). Bounded rationality: The adaptive tool box. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glenberg, A. M. (1997). What memory is for. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 20, 1–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glenberg, A. M., and Kaschak, M. P. (2002) Grounding language in action. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 9, 558–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, A., and de Vignemont, F. (2009). Is social cognition embodied? Trends in Cognitive Science, 13, 154–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grafton, C. T. (2009). Embodied Cognition and the Stimulation of action to understand others. Ann. NY Acad. of Sciences, 1156, 99–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, J. D., and Haidt, J. (2002). How (and where) does moral judgment work? Trends in Cognitive Science, 6, 517–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Handy, T. C., Grafton, C. T., Shroff, N. M., Katay, S., and Gazzaniga, M. S. (2003). Graspable objects grab attention when the potential for action is recognized. Nature Neuroscience, 6, 421–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, N. R. (1958/1972). Patterns of discovery. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hauk, O., Johnsrude, I., and Pulvermuller, F. (2004). Somatotopic representation of action words in human motor and premotor cortex. Neuron, 41, 301–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heelan, P. (1983/1988). Space-Perception and the Philosophy of Science. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heelan, P. A., and Schulkin, J. (1998). Hermeneutical philosophy and pragmatism: A philosophy of the science. Synthese, 115, 269–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann, E., Call, J., Hernandez-Lloreda, M. V., Hare, B., and Tomasello, M. (2007). Humans have evolved specialized skills of social cognition: The cultural intelligence hypothesis. Science, 317, 1,360–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Israel, J. I. (2001). Radical enlightenment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, J. H. (1884/1958). Evolution and dissolution of the nervous system. In J. Taylor (Ed.), Collected Works of John Hughlings Jackson (1958), Volume 11. London: Staples Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, P. L., and Decety, J. (2004). Motor cognition current opinion. Neurobiology, 14, 259–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacob, P., and Jeannerod, M. (2003). Ways of seeing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob, P., and Jeannerod, M. (2005). The motor theory of social cognition: a critique. Trends in Cognitive Science, 9, 21–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, W. (1890/1917). Principles of psychology. New York: Henry Holt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaspers, K. (1913/1997). General Psychopathology, Vols I and II. (J. Hoenig and M. W. Hamilton, Trans.) Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeannerod, M. (1997). The cognitive neuroscience of action. Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeannerod, M. (1999). To act or not to act: Perspectives on the representation of action. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 52, 1–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, M. (1993). Moral imagination. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, M. (2007). The meaning of the body. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson-Frey, S. H. (2004). The neural bases of complex tool use in humans. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8, 71–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson-Laird, P. N. (2001). Mental models and deduction. Trends in Cognitive Science, 5, 434–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., and Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kitcher, P. (1993). The advancement of science. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knoblich, G., and Sebanz, N. (2006). The social nature of perception and action. Curr. Dir. In Psychol. Sci., 15, 99–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lakoff, G., and Johnson, M. (1999). Philosophy in the Flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to Western thought. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamm, C., Batson, C. D., and Decety, J. (2007). The neural substrate of human empathy: Effects of perspective-taking and cognitive appraisal. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 19, 42–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lashley, K. S. (1951). The problem of serial order in behavior. In L. A. Jeffress (Ed.), Cerebral mechanisms in behavior. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levinson, S. (1996). Language and space. Annual Review of Anthropology, 25, 353–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levinson, S. (2006). Cognition at the heart of human interaction. Discourse Studies, 8, 85–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, P. (2000). Human language and our reptilian brain: The subcortical bases of speech, syntax, and thought. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, P. (2002). On the nature and evolution of the neural bases of human language. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 45, 36–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahon, B. F. and Caramazza, A. (2008). A critical look at the embodied cognition hypothesis and a new proposal for grounding conceptual content. J. of Physiology, 102, 59–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A. (2007). The representation of object concepts in the brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 25–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, A., Ungerleider, L. G., and Haxby, J. V. (2000). Category specificity and the brain. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The New Cognitive Neurosciences. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matlock, T. (2004). Fictive motion as cognitive simulation. Memory and Cognition, 32, 1,389–1,400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, E. (1942/1982). Systemics and the Origin of Species. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, self, and society: From the standpoint of a social behaviorist. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mellars, P. (2006). Why did modern human populations disperse from Africa ca. 60,000 years ago? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 9,381–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meltzoff, A. N. (2007). ‘Like me’: A foundation for social cognition. Developmental Science 10, 126–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meltzoff, A. N., and Moore, M. K. (1977). Imitation of facial and manual gestures by human neonates. Science, 198, 75–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962/1970). Phenomenology of Perception. New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul: The Humanities Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mithen, S. (1996). The Prehistory of the Mind: The Cognitive Origins of Art and Science. London: Thames and Hudson, Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moll, J., and Schulkin, J. (2009). Social attachment and aversion: On the humble origins of human morality. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 33: 456–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreno, J. M. (1995). Deciding together. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, G. L. (2002). The Big Book of Concepts. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noe, A. (2004). Action in Perception. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Passingham, R. (2008). What is Special about the Human Brain? Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Peirce, C. S. (1878). Deduction, induction and hypothesis. Popular Science Monthly, 13, 470–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peirce, C. S. (1898/1992). Reasoning and the Logic of Things. (K. L. Ketner, and H. Putnam, Eds). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perani, D., Cappa, S. F., Bettinardi, V., Bressi, S., Gorno-Tempini, Matarrese, M., and Fazio, F. (1995). Different neural systems for the recognition of animals and man-made tools. Neuroreport, 6, 1,636–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct. New York: William Morrow.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Premack. D. (1990). The infant’s theory of self-propelled objects. Cognition, 36, 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pulvermuller, F., Shtyrov, Y., and Ilmoniemi, R. (2005). Brain signatures of meaning in action word recognition. J. of Cognitive Neuroscience, 6, 884–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rizzolatti, G., and Luppino, G. (2001). The cortical motor system. Neuron, 31, 889–901.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rowlands, M. (2010). The science of the mind. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rozin, P. (1976). The evolution of intelligence and access to the cognitive unconscious. In J. Sprague, and A. N. Epstein (Eds), Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozin, P. (1998). Evolution and development of brains and cultures. In M. S. Gazzaniga, and J. S. Altman (Eds), Brain and Mind: Evolutionary Perspectives. Strassbourg, France: Human Frontiers Sciences Program

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabini, J., and Schulkin, J. (1994). Biological realism and social constructivism. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 24, 207–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulkin, J. (2000). Roots of social sensibility and neural function. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulkin, J. (2004). Bodily sensibility: Intelligent action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulkin, J. (2007). Effort: A neurobiological perspective on the will. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulkin, J. (2009). Cognitive adaptation: A pragmatist perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin, S. (1996). The scientific revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. A. (1982). Models of bounded rationality. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, H. A. (1962). The architecture of complexity. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 106, 470–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sterelny, K. (2007). Social intelligence, human intelligence, and niche construction. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society, 362, 719–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J., Gapenne, O., and Di Poolo, E. A. (2011) Enaction: Towards a New Paradigm for Cognitive Science. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, L. W. (2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior. Brain Research, 886, 113–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, L. W. (2003). Brain architecture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomasello, M., and Carpenter, M. (2007). Shared intentionality. Developmental Science, 10, 121–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tomasello, M., Carpenter, M., Call, J., Behne, T., and Moll, H. (2004). Understanding and sharing intentions: The origins of cultural recognition. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28, 675–735.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ullman, M. T. (2004). Is Broca’s area part of a basal ganglia thalamocortical circuit? Cognition, 92, 231–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., and Rosch, E. (1991). The Embodied Mind. Cognitive Science and Human Experience series. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Holst, E. (1973). Relative coordination as a phenomenon and as a method of analysis of central nervous functions. In The behavioral physiology of animals and man. Selected papers of Eric von Holst. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler, M. (2005). Reconstructing the Cognitive World. Cambridge: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitehead, A. N. (1927/1953). Symbolism. New York: MacMillan Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, M., and Knoblich, G. (2005). The case for motor involvement in perceiving conspecifics. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 460–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2012 Jay Schulkin

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schulkin, J. (2012). Introduction. In: Schulkin, J. (eds) Action, Perception and the Brain. New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230360792_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics