Skip to main content

Back to the State? The Public Policies of Private and Public Pensions in Britain

  • Chapter
The New Regulatory State

Part of the book series: Transformations of the State ((TRST))

Abstract

Britain, being a liberal or residual welfare state, has always been characterized by a limited role for state pensions and a heavy reliance on private pensions, both occupational and personal.1 Only in the mid 1970s, flat-rate state pensions were expanded by a substantial earnings-related second tier but this came ‘too late’ to be sustainable (Myles and Pierson, 2001). Since then, contributory state pensions have seen significant cutbacks while private provision has been forcefully promoted. Paradoxically, so I argue, the role of the state in British old-age security has not generally declined in the process, but has actually increased. This finding is similar to the ‘(de-)regulation paradox’ familiar from public utilities (see Chapter 2, in this book). In the case of pensions in Britain, the move towards ‘more state’ extends to four aspects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ABI–Association of British Insurers (2005) Serious About Saving. The ABI Agenda on State and Private Pension Reform. London: ABI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agulnik, Phil and Julian Le Grand (1998) ‘Tax Relief and Partnership in Pensions’, Fiscal Studies, 19, 403–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, Ros (2008) Victory again in Judicial Review Appeal, http://www.rosaltmann.com/JR_AppealVictory.htm, accessed 29 November 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Banks, James, Richard Blundell, Richard Disney and Carl Emmerson (2002) ‘Retirement, Pensions and the Adequacy of Saving: A Guide to the Debate’, The Institute for Financial Studies Briefing Note No. 29, London: IFS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berner, Frank (2004) ‘Wohlfahrtsmarkt und wohlfahrtsstaatliches Arrangement. MarktstrukturenundsozialstaatlicheEinbettungderkapitalgedecktenAltersvorsorge in Deutschland’, REGINA-Working Paper No. 6, Bielefeld University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn, Robin (2002) ‘The Enron Debacle and the Pension Crisis’, New Left Review, 26, 26–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blake, David (2003) Pension Schemes and Pension Funds in the United Kingdom, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blake, David, Alistair Byrne, Andrew Cairns and Kevin Dowd (2005) ‘The Stakeholder Pension Lottery: An Analysis of the Default Funds in UK Stakeholder Pension Schemes’, Pensions Institute Discussion Paper PI-0411, London: Pensions Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brewer, Mike and Carl Emmerson (2003) ‘Two Cheers for the Pensions Credit?’, The Institute for Financial Studies Briefing Note No. 39, London: IFS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, Paul and Traute Meyer (2005) ‘When do Benevolent Capitalists Change their Mind? Explaining the Retrenchment of Defined Benefit Pensions in Britain’, Social Policy and Administration, 39, 764–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bridgen, Paul and Traute Meyer (2007) ‘The British Pension System and Social Exclusion’ in Traute Meyer, Paul Bridgen and Barbara Riedmüller (eds) Private Pensions versus Social Inclusion? Non-state Provision for Citizens at Risk in Europe. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 47–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Budd, Alan and Nigel Campbell (1998) ‘The Roles of the Public and the Private Sectors in the UK Pension System’ in Martin Feldstein (ed.) Privatizing Social Security. Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press, 99–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Casey, Bernard (2003) ‘Why People Don’t Choose Private Pensions: The Impact of “Contagion”’, European Journal of Social Security, 5, 305–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clasen, Jochen (2001) ‘Social Insurance and the Contributory Principle: A Paradox in Contemporary British Social Policy’, Social Policy and Administration, 35, 641–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curry, Chris and Alison O’Connell (2004) Tax Relief and Incentives for Pension Saving. London: Pensions Policy Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, E. Philip (1997) ‘Private Pensions in OECD Countries–the United Kingdom’, OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers No. 21, Paris: OECD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davy, Ulrike (2005) ‘Systeme der nicht-staatlichen Alterssicherung in Großbritannien’ in Monika Schlachter, Ulrich Becker and Gerhard Igl (eds) Funktionen und rechtliche Ausgestaltung zusätzlicher Alterssicherung. Baden-Baden: Nomos, 35–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daykin, Chris (2001) ‘Contracting-out. A Partnership between Public and Private Pensions’, PMI News, July 2001, 1–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • DHSS –- Secretary of State for Social Services (1985a) Reform of Social Security, Vol. 1, Cm. 9517. London: HMSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • DHSS–Secretary of State for Social Services (1985b) Reform of Social Security. Programme for Action, Cm. 9691. London: HMSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • DSS–Secretary of State for Social Security (1998) A New Contract for Welfare: Partnership in Pensions, Cm. 4179. London: TSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP -– Department for Work and Pensions (2004) Simplicity, Security and Choice: Informed Choices for Working and Saving, Cm. 6111. London: DWP.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP–Department for Work and Pensions (2005a) Income Related Benefits. Estimates of Take-Up in 2002/2003. London: DWP.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP–Department for Work and Pensions (2005b) Pension Protection Fund, http://www.dwp.gov.uk/lifeevent/penret/penreform/4_ppf.asp, accessed 20 June 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP –- Department for Work and Pensions (2006) Security in Retirement: Towards a New Pensions System, Cm. 6841. London: TSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP–Department for Work and Pensions (2007) Personal Accounts: A new way to save. Summary of the responses to the consultation, Cm. 7121. London: DWP.

    Google Scholar 

  • DWP–Department for Work and Pensions (2008) Projections of Entitlement to Income Related Benefits to 2050, http://www.dwp.gov.uk/pensionsreform/pdfs/Projectionsof-entitlement-toIncomeRelatedBenefitsJune2008.pdf, accessed 2 July 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emmerson, Carl (2003) ‘Pension Reform in the United Kingdom: Increasing the Role of Private Provision?’ in Gordon L. Clark and Noel Whiteside (eds) Pension Security in the 21st Century. Redrawing the Public-Private Debate. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 168–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esping-Andersen, Gøsta (1990) The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foot, Michael (2004) ‘The FSA: The First Six Years’, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 12, 201–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FSA–Financial Services Authority (2003) Towards a National Strategy for Financial Capability. London: FSA.

    Google Scholar 

  • FSA–Financial Services Authority (2004) ‘A Basic Advice Regime for the Sale of Stakeholder Products’, Consultation Paper 04/11, London: FSA.

    Google Scholar 

  • FSA–Financial Services Authority (2009) No Selling. No Jargon. Just the Facts about Stakeholder Pensions and Decision Trees. London: FSA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannah, Leslie (1986) Inventing Retirement. The Development of Occupational Pensions in Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hills, John (2004) ‘Heading for Retirement? National Insurance, State Pensions, and the Future of the Contributory Principle in the UK’, Journal of Social Policy, 33, 347–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • HM Treasury (2007) Financial Capability: The Government’s Long-term Approach. London: HMSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • HM Treasury and Financial Services Authority (2008) Helping You Make the Most of Your Money: A Joint Action Plan for Financial Capability. London: HM Treasury/FSA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hyde, Mark and John Dixon (2004) ‘“Working and Saving for Retirement”: New Labour’s Reform of Company Pensions’, Critical Social Policy, 24, 270–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, Paul, David Yeandle and Adrian Boulding (2010) Making Automatic Enrolment Work. A Review for the Department for Work and Pensions. Cm. 7954, London: HMSO (October 2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • Knight, Julian (2004) Savers ‘Diving’ for State Pension Cover, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4120575.stm, accessed 29 November 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leisering, Lutz (2005) ‘From Redistribution to Regulation–Regulating Private Pensions as a Challenge for Ageing Societies’, REGINA-Working Paper No. 3 (revised version January 2005), Bielefeld University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leisering, Lutz (2008) ‘Soziale Regulierung privater Altersvorsorge in Deutschland. Instrumente, Normen und ordnungspolitische Herausforderungen’ in Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund (ed.) Alterssicherung im Mehr-Säulensystem. Akteure, Risiken, Regulierung, DRV-Schriften 80, 59–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynes, Tony (1997) ‘The British Case’ in Martin Rein and Eskil Wadensjö (eds) Enterprise and the Welfare State. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 309–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, Kirk (2006) ‘Three Steps to Heaven? Tensions in the Management of Welfare: Retirement Pensions and Active Consumers’, Journal of Social Policy, 35, 77–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marschallek, Christian (2005) ‚’Weniger (Wohlfahrts-)Staat? Britische Alterssicherungspolitik im Wandel’, Zeitschrift für Sozialreform, 51, 416–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moran, Michael (2003) The British Regulatory State: High Modernism and Hyper-Innovation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • NAPF–National Association of Pension Funds (2005) Towards a Citizen’s Pension. Final Report. London: NAPF.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myles, John and Paul Pierson (2001) ‘The Comparative Political Economy of Pension Reform’ in Paul Pierson (ed.) The New Politics of the Welfare State. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 305–33.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Nullmeier, Frank (2003) ‘Wohlfahrtsmärkte und Bürgerengagement in der Marktgesellschaft’ in Jutta Allmendinger (ed.) Entstaatlichung und soziale Sicherheit. Verhandlungen des 31. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie in Leipzig 2002, Vol. 2. Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 961–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Higgins, Michael (1986) ‘Public/Private Interaction and Pension Provision’ in Martin Rein and Lee Rainwater (eds) Public/Private Interplay in Social Protection. A Comparative Study. Armonk, New York, London: Sharpe, 99–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • OAC -– Oxford Actuaries and Consultants (2005) Contracting out of SERPS/S2P to an Appropriate Personal Pension: A Quantification of Relative Impact. Report for the Financial Services Authority. Oxford: OAC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (2006) Trusting in the Pensions Promise: Government Bodies and the Security of Final Salary Occupational Pensions. London: TSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • PADA–Personal Accounts Delivery Authority (2010) ‘PADA launches new brand for the Personal Accounts scheme’, Press release, 7 January 2010, London: PADA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pensions Commission (2004) Pensions: Challenges and Choices. The First Report of the Pensions Commission. London: TSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pensions Commission (2005) A New Pension Settlement for the Twenty-First Century. The Second Report of the Pensions Commission. London: TSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pestridge, Jeff (2003) Fight to the Finish, http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/news/article.html?in_article_id=333430andin_page_id=2, accessed 29 November 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • PPF–Pension Protection Fund (2005) An Introductory Guide to the Pension Protection Fund. Croydon: PPF.

    Google Scholar 

  • PPI -– Pensions Policy Institute (2005) ‘Is £5 Billion Being Taken from Pension Funds Each Year?’, PPI Briefing Note Number 18, London: PPI.

    Google Scholar 

  • PPI–Pensions Policy Institute (2009) The Pension Primer. Updated June 2009. London: PPI.

    Google Scholar 

  • PPI–Pension Policy Institute (2010) What Could the Coalition Government Mean for Pensions Policy? Briefing Note No. 56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rein, Martin and Eskil Wadensjö (1997) ‘The Emerging Role of Enterprise in Social Policy’ in Martin Rein and Eskil Wadensjö (eds) Enterprise and the Welfare State. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ring, Patrick (2004) ‘A Critical Analysis of Depolarisation’, Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 12, 248–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ring, Patrick and Rodney McKinnon (2002) ‘The “Pillared-Privatisation” of Pension Provision in the European Union: The Case of the United Kingdom’, European Journal of Social Security, 4, 5–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinfield, Adrian (2000) ‘Tax Benefits in Non-State Pensions’, European Journal of Social Security, 2, 137–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor-Gooby, Peter, Trine Larsen and Johannes Kananen (2004) ‘Market Means and Welfare Ends: The UK Welfare State Experiment’, Journal of Social Policy, 33, 573–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Pensions Service (2005) State Pensions for Parents and Carers. Your Guide. London: The Pensions Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Timmins, Nicholas (1996) The Five Giants. A Biography of the Welfare State. London: Fontana Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Titmuss, Richard (1987) ‘The Social Division of Welfare: Some Reflections on the Search for Equity’ in Brian Abel-Smith and Kay Titmuss (eds) The Philosophy of Welfare. Selected Writings of Richard M. Titmuss. London, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 39–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waine, Barbara (2009) ‘New Labour and Pensions Reform: Security in Retirement?’, Social Policy and Administration, 43, 754–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, Sue (1999) ‘Regulation of Pensions in the UK’ in Gerard Hughes and Jim Stewart (eds) The Role of the State in Pension Provision: Employer, Regulator, Provider. Boston, Dordrecht and London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 63–73.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, Sue (2003) ‘The UK and Pensions: Maverick or the Only One in Step?’ in Danny Pieters (ed.) European Social Security and Global Politics. London, The Hague, New York: Kluwer Law International, 267–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Which? (2005) Pensions: Contracting out, http://www.which.net/campaigns/personalfinance/savingsandpensions/contractingout.html, accessed 5 September 2005.

  • Whiteside, Noel (2003) ‘Historical Perspectives and the Politics of Pension Reform’ in Gordon L. Clark and Noel Whiteside (eds) Pension Security in the 21st Century. Redrawing the Public-Private Debate. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 21–43.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2011 Christian Marschallek

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Marschallek, C. (2011). Back to the State? The Public Policies of Private and Public Pensions in Britain. In: Leisering, L. (eds) The New Regulatory State. Transformations of the State. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230343504_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics