Unit Root Tests for Seasonal Data

Abstract

Much economic data exhibits a seasonal pattern; for example, consumers’ expenditure is higher at Christmas than at other times and expenditure on restaurants and hotels is higher in the summer. These examples relate to festivals or other cultural activities, whereas some seasonal patterns, whilst also related to the weather, are more fundamentally determined by them; for example, employment in agriculture and construction varies across the seasons and fishery activity is governed by biological processes that have an inherent seasonal cycle.