Introduction

Abstract

Hidden from view on the edge of the southern chalk downlands in Wiltshire is an establishment which was once so secret that very few knew of its existence, let alone of its purpose. It grew from a perceived need to defend British troops from the horrific potential of BW during conflict, at a time when it was feared that the enemy would use bacteriological weapons against the Allies on the battlefields of the Second World War. It grew as a sister to the establishment developed during the early years of the century to counter the chlorine attacks by the Germans at Ypres in April 1915. Indeed, it shared the same site as the chemical establishment in the early years of its existence. The initial priority was to develop a retaliatory capability, but as the years passed and the political climate changed, this turned into one of defence.