Abstract
In the 16th century, Spain imported large numbers of African slaves whose descendants now populate the country. The colony subsequently fell under French rule. In 1791 a slave uprising led to the 13-year-long Haitian Revolution. In 1801 Toussaint Louverture, one of the leaders of the revolution, succeeded in eradicating slavery. He proclaimed himself governor-general for life over the whole island. He was captured and sent to France, but Jean-Jacques Dessalines, one of his generals, led the final battle that defeated Napoléon’s forces. The newly-named Haiti declared its independence on 1 Jan. 1804, becoming the first independent black republic in the world. Ruled by a succession of self-appointed monarchs, Haiti became a republic in the mid-19th century. From 1915 to 1934 Haiti was under United States occupation.
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Further Reading
Chambers, F., Haiti. [Bibliography] 2nd ed. ABC-Clio, Oxford and Santa Barbara (CA), 1994
Heinl, Robert & Nancy, revised by Michael Heinl, Written in Blood. Univ. Press of America. 1996
Nicholls, D., From Dessalines to Duvalier: Race, Colour and National Independence in Haiti. 2nd ed. CUP, 1992.
Thomson, I., Bonjour Blanc: a Journey through Haiti. London, 1992
Weinstein, B. and Segal, A., Haiti: the Failure of Politics. New York, 1992
National library: Bibliothèque Nationale, Rue du Centre, Port-au-Prince.
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© 2005 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Turner, B. (2005). Haiti. In: Turner, B. (eds) The Statesman’s Yearbook. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271340_182
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271340_182
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4039-1482-8
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