Abstract
Brazil was discovered on May 3, 1500, by the Portuguese Admiral Pedro Alvares Cabral, and thus became a Portuguese settlement ; in 1815 the colony was declared ‘a kingdom,’ and on May 13, 1822, Dom Pedro, eldest surviving son of King João VI. of Portugal, was chosen ‘Perpetual Defender’ of Brazil by a National Congress. He proclaimed the independence of the country on September 7, 1822, and was chosen ‘Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender’ on October 12, 1822. On November 15, 1889, his only son, Dom Pedro II. (born 1825, died 1891), was dethroned by a revolution, and Brazil declared a Republic under the title of the United States of Brazil.
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Statistical and other Books of Reference
1. Official Publications
Annuario Estatistico do Brasil. No. 1 (1908–1912). 2 vols. Rio., 1917.
Handbook of Brazil. Bureau of the American Republics. Washington.
Boletins of the various Ministries. Annual Presidential Messages of each of the States.
Boletin do Ministerio do Trabalho, Iudustria e Commercio. Bio de Janeiro. Monthly.
Department of Overseas Trade Report. London. Occasional.
Constituiacno da Republica dos Estades Unidos do Brazil. Rio de Janeiro.—English translation by E. Hambloch. London and Sao Paulo, 1935.
Civil Code of Brazil. In Effect January 1, 1917, with the Corrections of January 15, 1919, Promulgated July 13, 1919. Translated from the Official Portuguese Text. St Louis, 1920.
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2. Non-Official Publications
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Epstein, M. (1936). Brazil. In: Epstein, M. (eds) The Statesman’s Year-Book. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230270657_15
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