Embodied Signs of Superiority

Abstract

Upright bearing, ‘sophisticated’ accent, or even just an imposing air of determination instantly function as signs of distinction in some contexts, irrespective of whether or not they are confirmed by external attributes. To a certain degree, such embodied markers might equally be considered as outward manifestations. However, in contrast with prestigious goods — which can be acquired at once by each and everyone with sufficient resources, including upstarts — what is involved here are more subtle, but also more deeply anchored means of demonstrating social worth. These signs convey the impression that elites are intrinsically superior to ordinary people. This apparently natural superiority reveals itself principally in posture and gesture, behavioural standards, good grooming and cultural background. The ensuing chapter, therefore, deals with the following topics: assertiveness, distinguished manners, beautified bodily appearance and the display of cultivated accomplishments.