Justice and Home Affairs

Abstract

Europeanization also has a significant impact on the justice and home affairs policies of states (Monar, 2003; Lavenex, 2007). Bigo (2001) stresses the role of transgovernmental networks of law and order officials in strengthening the security practice and discourse linking migration and security, while Huysmans (2000) and Waever et al. (1993) and Waever (1995) highlight a broader, more structural impact of European integration. According to Huysmans (2000: 753), ‘the explicit privileging of nationals of Member States in contrast to third-country nationals and the generally restrictive regulation of migration sustains a wider process of de-legitimating the presence of immigrants, asylum-seekers and refugees. EU policies support, often indirectly, expressions of welfare chauvinism and the idea of a cultural homogeneity as a stabilizing factor’. Waever (1995: 404) also detects a tension between European integration, national identities and migration: ‘a nation will only allow integration when it is secure that its national identity will not be threatened, that it may even be strengthened by its exposure to different identities’. From a more institutionalist perspective, Geddes (2000) and Guiraudon (2000) review contending explanations (e.g. intergovernmentalist vs neo-functionalist logic) for the shift of asylum and immigration policies from the national to the European level.