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Performative Disciplinarity in Alternate Reality Games from Foucault to McKenzie and Beyond

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Part of the book series: Performance Philosophy ((PPH))

Abstract

For Foucault, discipline was a subtle form of power that coerced the body in order to control its movements, attitudes, and moods. For McKenzie, it is oppressive-excessive performance that takes the place of overt disciplinarity in the twenty-first century. By situating alternate reality games (games that transcend the spatio-temporal delimitation of the “magic circle”) within the discourse of positive and negative freedom, Lushetich queries the capacity of existential amplification (found in all forms of performance and play) to reaffirm corporeally the (neoliberal brand of) negative freedom through what may be termed “ludic servitude”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Isiah Berlin, Freedom and Its Betrayal (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002), 103–104.

  2. 2.

    Johan Huizinga, Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture (Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1955), 132.

  3. 3.

    Maria Dimova-Cookson, “A New Scheme of Positive and Negative Freedom: Reconstructing T.H. Green on Freedom,” Political Theory, 31(4) (2003): 516.

  4. 4.

    John Kenneth Galbraith,The Affluent Society (London: Penguin Group, 1984), 120–125.

  5. 5.

    Homo Ludens,11.

  6. 6.

    Tiziana Terranova, Network Culture: Politics for the Information Age (London: Pluto Press, 2004), 100.

  7. 7.

    Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, trans. Alan Sheridan, (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979).

  8. 8.

    Jon McKenzie, Perform of Else: From Discipline to Performance (London: Routledge, 2001), 18.

  9. 9.

    Jane McGonigal, Reality is Broken: Why Games Make us Better and How they can Change the World (New York: Penguin Press, 2011), 5–12.

  10. 10.

    B. Joseph Pine II and James H. Gilmore, The Experience Economy: Work is Theatre & Every Business is a Stage (Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1999), 23–24.

  11. 11.

    The Experience Economy, 35–37.

  12. 12.

    Kenneth McKenzie Wark, Gamer Theory (Institute for the Future of the Book, 2007), n. pag.

  13. 13.

    Maria Dimova-Cookson, “A New Scheme of Positive and Negative Freedom: Reconstructing T.H. Green on Freedom,” Political Theory, 31(4) (2003): 524.

  14. 14.

    Max Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, trans. Stephen Kalberg (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010).

  15. 15.

    Reality is Broken, 153–182.

  16. 16.

    Antonio Gramsci,The Open Marxism of Antonio Gramsci, trans. Carl Marzani (New York: Cameron Associates, Inc., 1957), 45.

  17. 17.

    Marc Prensky, Teaching Digital Natives: Partnering for Real Learning (New York: Corwin, 2010).

  18. 18.

    Gamer Theory, n. p.

  19. 19.

    Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein, “Libertarian Paternalism,” The American Economic Review 93(2) (2003): 175.

  20. 20.

    Isiah Berlin, Four Essays on Liberty (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969), lviii.

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Correspondence to Natasha Lushetich .

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Lushetich, N. (2017). Performative Disciplinarity in Alternate Reality Games from Foucault to McKenzie and Beyond. In: Street, A., Alliot, J., Pauker, M. (eds) Inter Views in Performance Philosophy. Performance Philosophy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95192-5_9

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