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Trans-State-Border Subjectivities: International Violence and Immune Citizenship

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Gender Violence in Failed and Democratic States

Part of the book series: Comparative Feminist Studies ((CFS))

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Abstract

In this chapter, I examine the case of Doris Ivania Jiménez, a woman who was raped and murdered on November 21, 2006, in San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua. The men involved in the crime are Eric Stanley Volz, Julio Martín Chamorro López, alias Rosita, Armando Agustín Llanes Navarro, and Nelson Antonio López Danglas. Volz and Chamorro were found guilty of committing the crime; Llanes and Danglas were exonerated. In subsequent investigations and mediations, the intervention of a North American law firm and of a former member of the CIA under investigation by the Italian police, Volz was absolved. He left the country by way of a specially charted helicopter after being in prison for some time.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    El Nuevo Diario reported it was Volz who granted his interviews to The New York Times, The Today Show, Anderson Cooper de CNN, and Telemundo and Univisión. In addition to the publication of his case, Volz met with members of Congress and of the State Department. He said little was known about his story hence he decided to write a book about it.

  2. 2.

    Fredric Jameson. “On the Sexual Production of Western Subjectivity or, Saint Agustine as a Social Democrat.” Gaze and Voice as Love Objects. Slavoj Žižek, Renata Salecl (eds). Duke UP, 1996: 154–17.

  3. 3.

    Pilar Calveiro. “Testimonio y memoria en el relato histórico.” In Ileana Rodríguez y Mónica Szurmuk. Memoria y Ciudadanía. Santiago de Chile: Cuarto Propio, 2008: 207–224.

  4. 4.

    Ileana Rodríguez. “Operación Pájaro: Expediente 27, 1998. Obispo Gerardi: Enemigo del Estado; Marcado para ser eliminado.” Managua: Revista de Historia, 27, 2012: 17–35.

  5. 5.

    Slavoc Žižek. “The Ambiguity of the Masochist Social Link.” Perversion and the Social Relation. Molly Anne Rothemberg, Dennis Foster, and Slavoj Žižek (Eds). Perversion and the Social Relation. (Durham: Duke University Press, 2003): 113–125; “Fantasy as a Political Category: A Lacanian Approach.” Elizabeth Wright and Edmond Wright (Eds). The Žižek Reader. Malden, Oxford: Blackwell Press, 1999; 87–101; Steve Fink. “On Perversion.” Molly Anne Rothemberg, Dennis Foster, and Slavoj Žižek (Eds). Perversion and the Social Relation. (Durham: Duke University Press, 2003): 38–67; James Penney. The World of Perversion. Psychoanalysis and the Impossible Absolute of Desire. New York: State University of New York Press, 2006; Julia Kristeva. Poderes de la Perversión. http://www.scribd.com/luisdo/d/18995914-Kristeva-Julia-Poderes-de-la-perversion-pp-165-1980

  6. 6.

    Eric Volz. Gringo Nightmare. A Young American Framed for Murder in Nicaragua. New York: St. Martin Press, 2010.

  7. 7.

    See Chantal Mouffe. El retorno de lo político. Comunidad, ciudadanía, pluralismo, democracia radical. Barcelona, Buenos Aires: Paidos, 1999.

  8. 8.

    Doris Sommer. Foundational Fictions. The National Romances of Latin America. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993.

  9. 9.

    Sayak Valencia. Gore Capitalism. Melusina: 2011.

  10. 10.

    We know there is also male prostitution in all these trans-state relationships. See Vers le sud. Dir. Laurent Cantet. Actors Charlotte Rampling, Karen Young, Louise Portal, Ménothy Cesar. Haut et Court, Les Films Séville, France 3 Cinéma, 2005.

  11. 11.

    http://nicaragua.usembassy.gov/service.html

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Rodriguez, I. (2016). Trans-State-Border Subjectivities: International Violence and Immune Citizenship. In: Gender Violence in Failed and Democratic States. Comparative Feminist Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59833-2_8

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