Abstract
Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) is a planned network of natural and semi- natural areas that utilise natural processes to improve water quality and manage water quantity by restoring the hydrological function of the urban landscape and managing stormwater.
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Notes
- 1.
Driscoll, C. T., Eger, C. G., Chandler, D. G., Davidson, C. I., Roodsari, B. K., Flynn, C. D., Lambert, K. F., Bettez, N. D., Groffman, P. M. 2015. Green Infrastructure: Lessons from Science and Practice. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280567737_Green_Infrastructure_Lessons_from_Science_and_Practice.
- 2.
Public Utilities Board (PUB). 2013. Managing Urban Runoff – Drainage Handbook. Available: https://www.pub.gov.sg/Documents/managingUrbanRunoff.pdf.
- 3.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2010. Green Infrastructure in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates. Available: https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/arid_climates_casestudy.pdf.
- 4.
Fairfax County Virginia. 2016. Control Heavy Runoff – Solving Drainage and Erosion Problems. Available: http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/drainageproblem/control-runoff.htm.
- 5.
PUB. 2013. Managing Urban Runoff – Drainage Handbook. Available: https://www.pub.gov.sg/Documents/managingUrbanRunoff.pdf.
- 6.
Landcare Research. 2016. Vegetated Swales. Available: https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/science/living/cities,-settlements-and-communities/urban-stormwater-management/bioretention-devices/vegetated-swales.
- 7.
Auckland Council. 2016. Guidance for Water Sensitive Design Guide GD04. Available: http://www.aucklanddesignmanual.co.nz/project-type/infrastructure/technical-guidance/wsd.
- 8.
U.S. EPA. 2010. Green Infrastructure in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates. Available: https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/arid_climates_casestudy.pdf.
- 9.
Wagner, I., Krauze, K. & Zalewski, M. 2013. Blue Aspects of Green Infrastructure. Sustainable Development Applications, 4, 145–155.
- 10.
U.S. EPA. 2004. Constructed Treatment Wetlands. Available: https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/30005UPS.PDF?Dockey=30005UPS.PDF.
- 11.
Ibid.
- 12.
Realities:United. 2012. FLUSSBAD: Urban Renewal and Swimming Pool Precinct, Berlin, Germany. Available: http://www.realities-united.de/#PROJECT,110,6.
- 13.
Foster, J., Lowe, A. & Winkelman, S. 2011. The Value of Green Infrastructure for Urban Climate Adaptation. Center for Clean Air Policy, 750.
- 14.
City of Chicago. 2014. City of Chicago Green Stormwater Infrastructure Strategy. Available: https://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/progs/env/ChicagoGreenStormwaterInfrastructureStrategy.pdf.
- 15.
Shafique, M., Kim, R. & Lee, D. 2016. The Potential of Green-Blue Roof to Manage Storm Water in Urban Areas. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 15, 715.
- 16.
U.S. EPA. 2016. Soak Up the Rain: Disconnect/Redirect Downspouts. Available: https://www.epa.gov/soakuptherain/soak-rain-disconnectredirect-downspouts.
- 17.
City of Chicago. 2014. City of Chicago Green Stormwater Infrastructure Strategy. Available: https://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/progs/env/ChicagoGreenStormwaterInfrastructureStrategy.pdf.
- 18.
U.S. EPA. 2008. Managing Wet Weather with Green Infrastructure: Municipal Handbook. Green Infrastructure Retrofit Policies. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-10/documents/gi_munichandbook_retrofits.pdf.
- 19.
U.S. EPA. 2010. Green Infrastructure in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates. Available: https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/arid_climates_casestudy.pdf.
- 20.
City of Seattle. 2015. Green Stormwater Infrastructure in Seattle: Implementation Strategy 2015–2020. Available: http://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/OSE/GSI_Strategy_Nov_2015.pdf.
- 21.
Imran, H. M., Akib, S. & Karim, M. R. 2013. Permeable Pavement and Stormwater Management Systems: A Review. Environmental Technology, 34, 2649–2656.
- 22.
Wagner, I., Krauze, K. & Zalewski, M. 2013. Blue Aspects of Green Infrastructure. Sustainable Development Applications, 4, 145–155.
- 23.
Ibid.
- 24.
City of Atlanta. 2014. Green Infrastructure Stormwater Management Practices for Small Commercial Development. Available: http://www.atlantawatershed.org/default/?linkServID=1AFC1C1A-0759-4A76-B548DA30ABEA4069&showMeta=2&ext=.pdf.
- 25.
City and County of Denver. 2016. Ultra-Urban green Infrastructure Guidelines. Available: https://www.denvergov.org/content/dam/denvergov/Portals/705/documents/guidelines/ultra-urban-green-infrastructure-guidelines-manual.pdf.
- 26.
U.S. EPA. 2015. Green Infrastructure: Opportunities that Arise During Municipal Operations. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/green_infrastructure_roadshow.pdf.
- 27.
California Department of Transportation. 2016b. LID Sidewalk Stormwater Tree Trench. Available: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/16_la_design/guidance/ec_toolbox/lid/lid-sidewalk-stormwater-tree-trench-new.htm.
- 28.
City of Seattle. 2015. Green Stormwater Infrastructure in Seattle: Implementation Strategy 2015–2020. Available: http://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/OSE/GSI_Strategy_Nov_2015.pdf.
- 29.
PUB. 2013. Managing Urban Runoff – Drainage Handbook. Available: https://www.pub.gov.sg/Documents/managingUrbanRunoff.pdf.
- 30.
Ibid.
- 31.
U.S. EPA. 2015. Green Infrastructure: Opportunities that Arise During Municipal Operations. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/green_infrastructure_roadshow.pdf.
- 32.
Landscape Institute. 2013. Green Infrastructure: An Integrated Approach to Land Use. Available: https://www.landscapeinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Green-Infrastructure_an-integrated-approach-to-land-use.pdf.
- 33.
U.S. EPA. 2015. Green Infrastructure: Opportunities that Arise During Municipal Operations. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/green_infrastructure_roadshow.pdf.
- 34.
UK Green Building Council. 2015. UK-GBC Task Group Report: Demystifying Green Infrastructure. Available: https://www.ukgbc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Demystifying-Green-Infrastructure-report-FINAL.pdf.
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California Department of Transportation. 2016a. LID Sidewalk Stormwater Planter. Available: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/16_la_design/guidance/ec_toolbox/lid/lid-sidewalk-stormwater-planter-new.htm.
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City and County of Denver. 2016. Ultra-Urban Green Infrastructure Guidelines. Available: https://www.denvergov.org/content/dam/denvergov/Portals/705/documents/guidelines/ultra-urban-green-infrastructure-guidelines-manual.pdf.
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Foster, J., Lowe, A. & Winkelman, S. 2011. The Value of Green Infrastructure for Urban Climate Adaptation. Center for Clean Air Policy, 750.
Imran, H. M., Akib, S. & Karim, M. R. 2013. Permeable Pavement and Stormwater Management Systems: A Review. Environmental Technology, 34, 2649–2656.
Landcare Research. 2016. Vegetated Swales. Available: https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/science/living/cities,-settlements-and-communities/urban-stormwater-management/bioretention-devices/vegetated-swales.
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U.S. EPA. 2010. Green Infrastructure in Arid and Semi-Arid Climates. Available: https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/arid_climates_casestudy.pdf.
U.S. EPA. 2015. Green Infrastructure: Opportunities that Arise During Municipal Operations. Available: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/green_infrastructure_roadshow.pdf.
U.S. EPA. 2016. Soak Up the Rain: Disconnect/Redirect Downspouts. Available: https://www.epa.gov/soakuptherain/soak-rain-disconnectredirect-downspouts.
University of Florida. 2008. Bioswales/Vegetated Swales. Florida Field Guide to Low Impact Development. Available: http://buildgreen.ufl.edu/Fact_sheet_Bioswales_Vegetated_Swales.pdf.
Wagner, I., Krauze, K. & Zalewski, M. 2013. Blue Aspects of Green Infrastructure. Sustainable Development Applications, 4, 145–155.
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Brears, R.C. (2018). Blue-Green Infrastructure in Managing Urban Water Resources. In: Blue and Green Cities. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59258-3_2
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