Abstract
What interests me in trying to link the already consolidated transnationalism literature and the most recent interculturalism literature is to identify their overlapping affinities in two ways: first, in the way in which they deal with multiple national identities (or complex diversity) and the value that they agree to regarding the importance of relations among identities to promote social cohesion and even trust; second, in the way in which they both share a broader view of diversity that is not necessarily separated from the so-called unity concept. In other words, what both transnationalism and interculturalism share today is that they take on the function of counter-forces against the hegemonic theoretical frameworks governing migration studies, namely, nation-state-based and multicultural-based approaches to diversity. An additional normative argument I put forward at the end, assuming this first background, is that transnational people are more prone to be intercultural.
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Notes
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See, for instance, the influent article of Vertovec (2001), linking transnationalism and identity, and many focusing the intercultural and multicultural divide in terms of different understandings of identity (openness versus closeness, respectively). See Wood (2004), and several contributions in Zapata-Barrero (2015b), and certainly Cantle (2012) and the critical note of Meer and Modood (2012), or the last publication of Mansouri (2017).
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The idea of “deterritorialisation” has been from the very beginning a premise of the transnational literature; see, for instance, Basch et al. (1994). It has also been restated by R. Kastoryano , when she defines transnational nationalism as a type of nationalism without territory. She has recently emphasised that: “The transnational nation fits within the global space which does not reflect but produces an identity and generates a mode of participation beyond borders, as can be seen in the involvement of actors in strengthening transnational solidarities ” (Kastoryano 2016).
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See a recent report, based upon young second-generation biographical notes, pointing out this fact (Gebhardt et al. 2017).
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See, also, website at: http://www.mmg.mpg.de/research/all-projects/diversity-and-contact-divcon
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Zapata-Barrero, R. (2018). Transnationalism and Interculturalism: Overlapping Affinities. In: Fossum, J., Kastoryano, R., Siim, B. (eds) Diversity and Contestations over Nationalism in Europe and Canada. Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58987-3_4
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