Abstract
Chapter 5 continues the exploration of supplementary school purposes, covering the themes of counteraction and transformation. The notion of ‘Counteraction’ here constitutes the deliberate efforts of schools to resist and replace negative discourses that threaten the community identity and to thereby defend community boundaries. The chapter in fact begins by highlighting some of these common discourses that taint public opinion of marginalised groups, focusing particularly on refugees, asylum seekers, the African-Caribbean community, the Muslim community and the Irish community. Alongside counteraction, some schools also extended their efforts to incorporate transformation measures geared towards shifting of community social standing. This chapter, in particular, foregrounds the powerful forms of agency exercised by schools as they respond to high-level discourses pertaining to the community identity through the counteractive third-order positioning of community members.
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Simon, A. (2018). Counteraction and Transformation. In: Supplementary Schools and Ethnic Minority Communities. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50057-1_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50057-1_5
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