Abstract
Where ideas and values clash, the question then often turns to ‘what does the evidence say?’ This chapter demonstrates the growth in information and evidence on drugs in recent years and its wider availability. The institutions within which evidence is located are illustrated, as is the role of networks and collaborations in creating a standard body of information and shared understandings. The ways in which evidence is linked to policy are discussed, looking at the role of experts and the special function of the Report. Examples are given of reports which have or have not influenced policy. The over-riding impact of moral frames and politicians’ preferences is indicated.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Reports
ACMD (1988) AIDS and Drug Misuse Part 1. London, Department of Health and Social Security.
ACMD (2004) Hidden Harm. London, Home Office.
ACMD (2012) Recovery from drug and alcohol dependence: an overview of the evidence. London, ACMD.
Advisory Committee on Drug Dependence (1968) Cannabis (The Wootton Report). London.
APPG on Drug Policy Reform (2012) European Initiative on Drug Policy Reform. London, House of Lords.
APPG on Drug Policy Reform (2016) Access to Medicinal Cannabis: meeting patient needs. Inquiry Report. London, APPG for Drug Policy Reform.
D. Barrett, R. Lines, R. Schleifer, R. Elliott and D. Bewley-Taylor (2008) Recalibrating the Regime - the Need for a Human Rights Based Approach to International Drug Policy. London, Beckley Foundation Drug Policy Programme.
V. Berridge (2014). ‘Illicit Drugs, alcohol and other substances’ In: S. MacGregor (ed.) Promoting Healthy Living: Use, Harms and Hazards of Drugs, Alcohol, Sugar and Fat. Professional Briefing, 4.3, London, AcSS.
D. Bewley-Taylor, M. Jelsma, S. Rolles and J. Walsh (2016) Cannabis Regulation and the UN Treaties. Strategies for Reform. Briefing Paper. Washington, Washington Office on Latin America (www.wola.org).
J. Birt (2003) Drugs Project. Phase I Report: Understanding the Issues. London, Strategy Unit (unpublished).
BMA (2013) Drugs of Dependence: The Role of Medical Professionals. London, BMA Board of Science.
G. Bühringer, M. Farrell, L. Kraus, J. Marsden, T. Pfeiffer-Gerschel, D. Piontek, K. Karachaliou, J. Künzel and G. Stillwell (2009) Comparative analysis of research into illicit drugs in the European Union. European Commission, DG Justice, Freedom and Security.
J. Csete, A. Kamarulzam, M. Kazatchkine, F. Altice, M. Balicki, J. Buxton, J. Cepeda, M. Comfort, E. Goosby, J. Goulão, C. Hart, T. Kerr, A.M. Lajous, S. Lewis, N. Martin, D. Mejía, A. Camacho, D. Mathieson, L. Obot, A. Ogunrombi, S. Sherman, J. Stone, N. Vallath, P. Vickerman, T. Zábransky and C. Beyrer (2016) ‘Public health and international drug policy’. The Lancet, The Lancet Commissions, 1–54.
CSJ (2006a). Breakdown Britain: executive summary. Centre for Social Justice.
CSJ (2006b). Breakdown Britain: addicted Britain. London, Centre for Social Justice.
Foresight Brain Science: Addictions and Drugs Project (2005) Drugs Futures 2025: executive summary and overview, London, Office of Science and Technology.
P. Gallahue, R. Gunawan, F. Rahman, K. El Mufti, N. Din and R. Felton (2012) The Death Penalty for Drug Offences: Global Overview 2012 - Tipping the Scales for Abolition. London, IHRA.
GCDP (2011) War on Drugs. Report of the Global Commission on Drug Policy. Global Commission on Drug Policy.
B. Gomis (2014) Illicit Drugs and International Security: Towards UNGASS 2016. London, Chatham House.
P. Griffiths (2014) ‘Developing a common language for understanding and responding to drug problems: reflections on 20 years of monitoring of drug use in the EU’. In S. MacGregor (ed.) Promoting Healthy Living: Use, Harms and Hazards of Drugs, Alcohol, Sugar and Fat. Professional Briefing, 4.3. London, AcSS.
R. Hartnoll (2004) Drugs and drug dependence: linking research, policy and practice: Lessons learned, challenges ahead. Council of Europe.
Home Office (2014) Drugs: International Comparators. London, Home Office.
M. Hough (1996) Drugs misuse and the criminal justice system: a review of the literature: executive summary. Home Office, Drugs Prevention Initiative.
LSE Expert Group (2016) After the Drug Wars - Report of the LSE Expert Group on the Economics of Drug Policy. London, LSE.
OAS (2014) The OAS drug report: 16 months of debates and consensus. Secretary-General Insulza presented the drug report to the plenary of the OAS Permanent Council. May 2013, Washington, DC ed. Washington, OAS.
Sir D. Omand (2010) Report of the 2010 NDPB Review of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. London. NDPB.
ONDCP (2010) Cocaine Smuggling in 2010. Washington, ONDCP.
Polkinghorne (1996) Report of an independent review of drug treatment services. London, Department of Health.
Police Foundation (2000) Drugs and the Law: Report of the Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. London, Police Foundation.
G. Reay (2008) Physical Dependence and Addiction to Prescription and Over the Counter Medication. London, All Party Parliamentary Group on Drug Misuse.
Royal College of Psychiatrists and Royal College of Physicians (2000) Drugs: dilemmas and choices. London, Royal College of Psychiatrists.
Royal College of Psychiatrists (2011) Our Invisible Addicts. London, Royal College of Psychiatrists.
RSA (2007) Drugs: Facing the facts: The report of the RSA commission on illegal drugs, communities and public policy. London, RSA.
M. Russell and M. Benton (2011) Selective Influence: the policy impact of House of Commons Select Committees. London, UCL Constitution Unit.
N. Singleton (2014) ‘Reducing harm caused by alcohol and substance abuse’. In S. MacGregor (ed.) Promoting Healthy Living: Use, Harms and Hazards of Drugs, Alcohol, Sugar and Fat. Professional Briefing 4.3. London, AcSS.
UNODC (2007) Sweden’s Successful Drug Policy: a review of the evidence. Vienna, UNODC.
Books and Articles
P. Anderson, J. Rehm and R. Room (eds.) (2016). The Impact of Addictive Substances and Behaviours on Individual and Societal Well-being. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
T. Babor (2015a). ‘Building the connections between science, practice and policy: Griffith Edwards and the UK National Addiction Centre.’ Addiction, 110, 1–3.
T. Babor (2015b). ‘Linking science to policy: the role of international collaboration and problem-focused integrative reviews’. Addiction, 110, 40–46.
V. Berridge (1990) Drugs research and policy in Britain: a review of the 1980s. Avebury, Gower Publishing Company Ltd.
V. Berridge (2005) Making health policy: Networks in research and policy after 1945. Rodopi.
D. T. Courtwright and T. Hickman (2011). ‘Modernity and Anti-Modernity: drug policy and political culture in the United States and Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries’ In: G. Hunt, M. Milhet and H. Bergeron (eds.) Drugs and Culture: knowledge, consumption and policy. Farnham Surrey, Ashgate.
J. K. Galbraith (1967) The New Industrial State. Princeton University Press.
P. Haas (1992) ‘Introduction: epistemic communities and international policy coordination’. International Organisations, 46, 1–35.
M. Hellman, V. Berridge, K. Duke and A. Mold (2016a). ‘Ownership of addiction: variations across time and place’. In: M. Hellman, V. Berridge, K. Duke and A. Mold (eds) Concepts of Addictive Substances and Behaviours across Time and Place. Oxford, OUP.
M. Hellman, V. Berridge, K. Duke and A. Mold (eds.) (2016b) Concepts of Addictive Substances and Behaviours across Time and Place. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
S. MacGregor (2006) “Tackling Drugs Together”’ and the establishment of the principle that “treatment works”. Drugs: education, prevention and policy, 13, 399–408.
S. MacGregor (2012) ‘Parliamentary committees and drug policy governance’. In: N. Singleton (ed.) Essays on the governance of drug policy. London, UKDPC.
S. MacGregor and M. Whiting (2010) ‘The development of European drug policy and the place of harm reduction within this’ In T. Rhodes and D. Hedrich (eds.) Harm Reduction: evidence, impacts and challenges. Lisbon, EMCDDA monograph.
A. Mold and V. Berridge (2010) Voluntary Action and Illegal Drugs. Houndmills, Palgrave Macmillan.
C. Mullin (2009) A View from the Foothills - the diaries of Chris Mullin. Profile Books.
D. Nutt (2009) ‘Equasy – An overlooked addiction with implications for the current debate on drug harms’. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 23, 3–5.
D. Nutt, L. A. King, W. Saulsbury and C. Blakemore (2007) ‘Development of a rational scale to assess the harms of drugs of potential misuse’. Lancet, 369, 1047–1053.
L Price (2005) The Spin Doctor’s Diary: inside Number 10 with New Labour. Hodder and Stoughton.
G. V. Stimson (1995) ‘AIDS and Injecting Drug Use in the United Kingdom 1987–1993: The policy response and the prevention of the epidemic.’ Social Science and Medicine, 41, 699–716.
G. V. Stimson, L. Alldritt, K. Dolan and M. Donoghoe (1988) ‘Syringe exchange schemes for drug users in England and Scotland’. British Medical Journal (Clinical research ed.) 296, 18 June, 1717–1719.
J. Strang and J. Sheridan (2003) ‘Effect of national guidelines on prescription of methadone: analysis of NHS prescription data, England 1990–2001.’ BMJ, 327, 321–323.
T. Ysa, J. Colom, A. Alberda, A. Ramon, M. Carrion and L. Segura (eds) (2014) Governance of Addictions: European Public Policies. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
MacGregor, S. (2017). Evidence and Policy. In: The Politics of Drugs. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49682-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-49682-9_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-49681-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-49682-9
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)