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Complex Systems, Multi-Sided Incentives and Risk Perception in Companies pp 783–816Cite as

Palgrave Macmillan

Complexity and Some Numerical Algorithmic Turning-Point Problems Inherent in Excessive Outstanding Shares

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Abstract

Having excessive numbers of shares outstanding is either common or prevalent among listed companies in emerging markets and especially in Central/Eastern European, African and Asian stock markets (i.e. where such companies usually have between two-times and twelve-times the average numbers of outstanding shares of listed companies in developed countries like the US, UK and Japan, on an un-diluted basis)—and this condition can cause behavioral anomalies and sometimes contravenes established finance theories.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    See Othman (2012), Domshlak et al. (2011), Filipe and Fred (2011), Melnik et al. (2013), Miklashevich (2003), and Arthur (1999).

  2. 2.

    See Wong et al. (2017) and Xia (2011).

  3. 3.

    See Chen et al. (2013), Cozman (2010), Seneta (2013), Li and Du (2007), and Lan and Zhang (2017).

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  1. Enugu, Nigeria

    Michael I. C. Nwogugu

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  1. Michael I. C. Nwogugu
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Nwogugu, M.I.C. (2019). Complexity and Some Numerical Algorithmic Turning-Point Problems Inherent in Excessive Outstanding Shares. In: Complex Systems, Multi-Sided Incentives and Risk Perception in Companies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-44704-3_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-44704-3_15

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