Abstract
As the largest landmass on Earth, Asia’s climatic history is of paramount importance. However, with the exception of China, research on the historical climatology of the continent remains in its infancy. Climate reconstructions using Islamic sources have been undertaken for Arabia and West Asia, particularly for the first millennium ce. For the Indian subcontinent, reconstruction has primarily used colonial sources, so information about past climatic variability exists mainly for the last three centuries. For Indonesia, colonial records have substantial potential, having been used previously only to compile disaster chronologies. Documentary reconstruction in Russia is minimal, with the exception of a review produced by Borisenkov in 1992. Climate reconstruction is far more advanced in Japan, including highly robust long-term temperature reconstructions from the dates of spring flowering and lake ice records.
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Notes
- 1.
Fleming, 1998.
- 2.
Cook et al., 2010.
- 3.
Domínguez-Castro et al., 2012.
- 4.
- 5.
Domínguez-Castro et al., 2014.
- 6.
Grotzfeld, 1995.
- 7.
- 8.
- 9.
- 10.
Grove, 1998.
- 11.
Walsh et al., 1999.
- 12.
- 13.
Adamson et al., 2014.
- 14.
Pant et al., 1993.
- 15.
Ingram et al., 1981.
- 16.
Mikami, 2008.
- 17.
- 18.
Aono, 2015.
- 19.
Mikami, 2008.
- 20.
Grossman and Zaiki, 2009.
- 21.
Kong and Watts, 1992.
- 22.
Lim and Shim, 2002.
- 23.
- 24.
Lieberman, 2011.
- 25.
Buckley et al., 2014.
- 26.
- 27.
Borisenkov, 1995.
- 28.
Cook et al., 2010.
- 29.
Adamson and Nash, 2014.
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Adamson, G.C.D., Nash, D.J. (2018). Climate History of Asia (Excluding China). In: White, S., Pfister, C., Mauelshagen, F. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Climate History. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-43020-5_18
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